Therapeutic potential of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in neurodegenerative diseases associated with cognitive decline.

IF 4 2区医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

STEM CELLS Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI:10.1093/stmcls/sxae074

Matteo Spinelli, Salvatore Fusco, Claudio Grassi

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Abstract

In the central nervous system, cell-to-cell interaction is essential for brain plasticity and repair, and its alteration is critically involved in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Neural stem cells are a plentiful source of biological signals promoting neuroplasticity and the maintenance of cognitive functions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent an additional strategy for cells to release signals in the surrounding cellular environment or to exchange information among both neighboring and distant cells. In the last years, rising attention has been devoted to the ability of stem cell (SC)-derived EVs to counteract inflammatory and degenerative brain disorders taking advantage of their immunomodulatory capacities and regenerative potential. Here, we review the role of adult neurogenesis impairment in the cognitive decline associated with neurodegenerative diseases and describe the beneficial effects of SC-derived EVs on brain plasticity and repair also discussing the advantages of SC-derived EV administration versus SC transplantation in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.

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干细胞源性细胞外囊泡在与认知能力下降相关的神经退行性疾病中的治疗潜力。

在中枢神经系统中，细胞与细胞之间的相互作用对大脑的可塑性和修复至关重要，其改变与神经退行性疾病的发展密切相关。神经干细胞是促进神经可塑性和维持认知功能的生物信号的丰富来源。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是细胞在周围细胞环境中释放信号或在邻近细胞和远处细胞之间交换信息的另一种策略。最近几年，人们越来越关注干细胞（SC）衍生的EVs利用其免疫调节能力和再生潜力对抗炎症性和退行性脑疾病的能力。在此，我们回顾了成人神经发生障碍在与神经退行性疾病相关的认知能力下降中的作用，描述了干细胞衍生的EV对大脑可塑性和修复的有益影响，并讨论了干细胞衍生的EV给药与干细胞移植在治疗神经退行性疾病中的优势。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

STEM CELLS 医学-生物工程与应用微生物

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

1.90%

发文量

104

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： STEM CELLS, a peer reviewed journal published monthly, provides a forum for prompt publication of original investigative papers and concise reviews. STEM CELLS is read and written by clinical and basic scientists whose expertise encompasses the rapidly expanding fields of stem and progenitor cell biology. STEM CELLS covers: Cancer Stem Cells, Embryonic Stem Cells/Induced Pluripotent Stem (iPS) Cells, Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Technology: Epigenetics, Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabonomics, Tissue-Specific Stem Cells, Translational and Clinical Research.