Enhanced gravitational trapping of bottom-heavy Janus particles over parallel microgrooves

IF 2.9 3区 化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
Soft Matter Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1039/D4SM00989D
Yan Wen, Jiayu Liu, Wei Wang, Pik-Yin Lai and Penger Tong
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Abstract

We report a systematic study on the barrier-crossing dynamics of bottom-heavy self-propelled particles (SPPs) over a one-dimensional periodic potential landscape U0(x), which is fabricated on a microgroove-patterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate. From the measured steady-state probability density function (PDF) P(x;F0) of the SPPs with different self-propulsion forces F0, we find that the escape dynamics of slow-rotating SPPs over the periodic potential U0(x) can be well described by an activity-dependent potential Ũ0(x;F0) under the fixed angle approximation. A theoretical model is developed to include the effects of the gravitational-torque-induced alignment on the polar angle θ and the hydrodynamic wall alignment on the azimuthal angle φ as well as their influence on the self-propulsion speed v0. By introducing a proper average of the activity-dependent potential Ũ0(x;F0) over all possible particle orientations, our model explains the enhanced trapping effect on the bottom-heavy Janus particles. The obtained theoretical results are in good agreement with both the experimental and active Brownian particle simulation results. This work thus provides a thermodynamics description of the non-equilibrium barrier crossing of the Janus particles with nonuniform angular distributions over periodic potentials.

Abstract Image

在平行微槽上增强底重 Janus 粒子的引力捕获。
我们报告了一项关于底重自推进粒子(SPPs)在一维周期势景 U0(x) 上越障动力学的系统研究,该势景是在具有微槽图案的聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)基底上制作的。通过测量不同自推进力 F0 的 SPP 的稳态概率密度函数 (PDF) P(x;F0),我们发现在固定角度近似条件下,慢速旋转 SPP 在周期势 U0(x) 上的逸出动力学可以用与活动相关的势 Ũ0(x;F0)很好地描述。我们建立了一个理论模型,其中包括引力扭矩引起的排列对极角θ和流体动力壁排列对方位角φ的影响,以及它们对自推进速度 v0 的影响。通过在所有可能的粒子方向上引入与活动相关的电势 Ũ0(x;F0)的适当平均值,我们的模型解释了对底重 Janus 粒子的增强捕获效应。获得的理论结果与实验结果和活动布朗粒子模拟结果都非常吻合。因此,这项研究为周期势上非均匀角分布的獐牙菜粒子的非平衡越障提供了热力学描述。
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来源期刊
Soft Matter
Soft Matter 工程技术-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
6.00
自引率
5.90%
发文量
891
审稿时长
1.9 months
期刊介绍: Soft Matter is an international journal published by the Royal Society of Chemistry using Engineering-Materials Science: A Synthesis as its research focus. It publishes original research articles, review articles, and synthesis articles related to this field, reporting the latest discoveries in the relevant theoretical, practical, and applied disciplines in a timely manner, and aims to promote the rapid exchange of scientific information in this subject area. The journal is an open access journal. The journal is an open access journal and has not been placed on the alert list in the last three years.
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