Impact of Omicron Variant Infection on Female Fertility and Laboratory Outcomes: A Self-Controlled Study

IF 2.5 3区医学 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI:10.1111/aji.70012

Yu-Ling Hu, Yong-Jia Zhang, Xing-Yu Lv, Rui-Ling Liu, Zhao-Hui Zhong, Li-Juan Fu, Mei-Hua Bao, Li-Hong Geng, Hai-Jiao Xu, Shao-Min Yu, Yu-Bin Ding

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Abstract

Problem

Investigating the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on female fertility and laboratory outcomes in patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment who were initially uninfected but later became infected.

Methods of the Study

This self-controlled study included 197 patients who underwent repeated oocyte retrieval before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection between March 2021 and April 2023, of which 117 used the same ovarian stimulation protocol within a consistent age range. We evaluated the ovarian reserve, ovarian response, and laboratory outcomes in patients before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Results

The ovarian reserve (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], estrogen [E₂], anti-Müllerian hormone [AMH], antral follicle count [AFC]), ovarian response (total Gn dosage, duration of Gn administration, number of follicles ≥14 mm on trigger day, number of retrieved oocytes), and laboratory outcomes (cleavage stage good-quality embryo rate, blastocyst formation rate, and cycle freezing rate) showed no significant differences before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in 117 patients (p > 0.05). When stratified by age, the ≤ 35 years group showed a higher two pronuclei (2PN) fertilization rate post-infection, while the >35 years group had increased mature metaphase II (MII) oocyte and blastocyst stage good-quality embryo rates. Additionally, upon stratified by the time interval between SARS-CoV-2 infection and ART treatment, in the ≤ 3 months group, there was an increased post-infection MII oocyte rate, 2PN fertilization rate, and blastocyst stage good-quality embryo rate. Meanwhile, no significant differences were found in any indicators when the interval exceeded three months.

Conclusion

Our study suggested that undergoing IVF/ICSI treatment after recovering from COVID-19 may not adversely affect female fertility and laboratory outcomes.

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Omicron 变异感染对女性生育能力和实验室结果的影响：一项自我控制研究

问题：调查严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒-2（SARS-CoV-2）感染对接受辅助生殖技术（ART）治疗的最初未感染但后来感染的患者的女性生育力和实验室结果的影响：这项自控研究纳入了 2021 年 3 月至 2023 年 4 月期间在感染 SARS-CoV-2 前后接受重复卵母细胞提取的 197 名患者，其中 117 人在一致的年龄范围内使用了相同的卵巢刺激方案。我们评估了 SARS-CoV-2 感染前后患者的卵巢储备、卵巢反应和实验室结果：结果：卵巢储备量（卵泡刺激素[FSH]、黄体生成素[LH]、雌激素[E2]、抗穆勒氏管激素[AMH]、前卵泡数[AFC]）、卵巢反应（Gn总用量、Gn用药时间、触发日≥14 mm的卵泡数、取到的卵母细胞数在 117 例患者中，SARS-CoV-2 感染前后的卵巢反应（Gn 总用量、Gn 给药时间、触发日≥14 mm 的卵泡数、取到的卵母细胞数）和实验室结果（卵裂期优质胚胎率、囊胚形成率和周期冷冻率）无显著差异（P > 0.05).如果按年龄分层，感染后年龄小于 35 岁组的双前核（2PN）受精率较高，而年龄大于 35 岁组的成熟分裂期 II（MII）卵母细胞和囊胚期优质胚胎率较高。此外，根据感染 SARS-CoV-2 与抗逆转录病毒疗法之间的时间间隔进行分层，感染后 MII 卵母细胞率、2PN 受精率和囊胚期优质胚胎率在感染后≤ 3 个月组均有所增加。结论：我们的研究表明，IVF-IVF（体外受精-胚胎移植）术后的卵母细胞成熟度、2PN受精率和囊胚期优质胚胎率均有所提高：我们的研究表明，从 COVID-19 感染中恢复后接受 IVF/ICSI 治疗可能不会对女性的生育能力和实验室结果产生不利影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

5.60%

发文量

314

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Reproductive Immunology is an international journal devoted to the presentation of current information in all areas relating to Reproductive Immunology. The journal is directed toward both the basic scientist and the clinician, covering the whole process of reproduction as affected by immunological processes. The journal covers a variety of subspecialty topics, including fertility immunology, pregnancy immunology, immunogenetics, mucosal immunology, immunocontraception, endometriosis, abortion, tumor immunology of the reproductive tract, autoantibodies, infectious disease of the reproductive tract, and technical news.