Stable Isotopes Analysis of Black Lion Tamarins Reveals Increasing Arthropod Consumption When Fruit Productivity Decreases in Forest Fragments

IF 2 3区 生物学 Q1 ZOOLOGY
Amazone Raskin, Olivier Kaisin, Loïc N. Michel, Benjamin Lejeune, Gilles Lepoint, Rodrigo Gonçalves Amaral, Gabriel Pavan Sabino, Márcio Silva Araújo, Gabriela Cabral Rezende, Fany Brotcorne, Laurence Culot
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Abstract

Given the cryptic and elusive nature of prey consumption, quantifying its contribution to the diet of free-ranging primates using behavioral methods is challenging. In this context, the use of carbon and nitrogen-stable isotopes represents a promising alternative approach. Here, we used stable isotope analysis to estimate the proportion of arthropods and fruits in the diet of black lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysopygus), an endangered primate endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. To do so, we ran stable isotope mixing models using isotopic data from hair samples of black lion tamarins living in six forest fragments showing different levels of habitat quality. Furthermore, we ran linear mixed models to assess the influence of habitat quality—fruit productivity (estimated by tree total basal area) and arthropod biomass – and individual characteristics (sex and body mass) on tamarins' δ15N values (a proxy for trophic position). Our results revealed that arthropods contributed more to black lion tamarins' diet than reported in previous behavioral studies, suggesting that behavioral observations may considerably underestimate the importance of arthropodivory in the diet of arboreal primates. The degree of arthropodivory and frugivory was similar within groups, in line with the strong group cohesion and synchronization of feeding behaviors of this species and supporting the role of site-specific habitat characteristics on dietary choice. Arthropod consumption was higher in areas with lower fruit productivity and did not increase when arthropod biomass increased, suggesting that fruits represent a limiting but preferred resource for this species. These results demonstrate the dietary plasticity of black lion tamarins in areas of lower forest quality, where they manage to compensate low fruit productivity by shifting to a diet richer in arthropods. Considering that this species occurs within a highly fragmented landscape, preserving and protecting small forest patches remains crucial for the conservation of this species.

黑狮狨的稳定同位素分析表明,当森林破碎带的果实生产力下降时,节肢动物的消耗量会增加。
鉴于猎物消耗的隐蔽性和难以捉摸性,使用行为学方法量化猎物在自由活动灵长类动物食物中的比例具有挑战性。在这种情况下,使用碳和氮稳定同位素是一种很有前景的替代方法。在这里,我们利用稳定同位素分析来估算巴西大西洋森林特有的濒危灵长类动物黑狮狨(Leontopithecus chrysopygus)食物中节肢动物和水果的比例。为此,我们利用生活在六片生境质量水平不同的森林中的黑狮狨毛发样本的同位素数据建立了稳定同位素混合模型。此外,我们还使用线性混合模型评估了栖息地质量--果实生产力(根据树木总基底面积估算)和节肢动物生物量--以及个体特征(性别和体重)对狨猴δ15N值(营养位置的代表)的影响。我们的研究结果表明,节肢动物对黑狮狨食性的贡献比以往行为学研究报告的要大,这表明行为学观察可能大大低估了节肢动物食性在树栖灵长类动物食性中的重要性。群体内节肢动物和节食的程度相似,这与该物种强大的群体凝聚力和取食行为的同步性是一致的,同时也支持了特定生境特征对食物选择的作用。在水果产量较低的地区,节肢动物的消耗量较高,而当节肢动物生物量增加时,节肢动物的消耗量并没有增加,这表明水果是该物种的一种限制性资源,但却是其首选资源。这些结果表明,在森林质量较低的地区,黑狮狨的食物具有可塑性,它们可以通过转而食用节肢动物含量较高的食物来弥补水果产量的不足。考虑到该物种生活在一个高度破碎化的景观中,保存和保护小片森林对该物种的保护至关重要。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
8.30%
发文量
103
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The objective of the American Journal of Primatology is to provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and findings among primatologists and to convey our increasing understanding of this order of animals to specialists and interested readers alike. Primatology is an unusual science in that its practitioners work in a wide variety of departments and institutions, live in countries throughout the world, and carry out a vast range of research procedures. Whether we are anthropologists, psychologists, biologists, or medical researchers, whether we live in Japan, Kenya, Brazil, or the United States, whether we conduct naturalistic observations in the field or experiments in the lab, we are united in our goal of better understanding primates. Our studies of nonhuman primates are of interest to scientists in many other disciplines ranging from entomology to sociology.
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