Myogenic Classical Endocannabinoids, Their Targets and Activity.

IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Olga P Balezina, Ekaterina O Tarasova, Polina O Bogacheva
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This review focuses on the recently discovered specific action of two classical endocannabinoids (ECs), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA), in the case of their synthesis and degradation in skeletal muscles; in other words, this review is dedicated to properties and action of the myoendocannabinoid (myoEC) pool. Influence of this pool is considered at three different levels: at the level of skeletal muscles, motor synapses, and also at the level of the whole organism, including central nervous system. Special attention is paid to the still significantly underestimated and intriguing ability of ECs to have positive effect on energy exchange and contractile activity of muscle fibers, as well as on transmitter secretion in motor synapses. Role of muscle contractions in regulation of activity balance between the enzymes catalyzing synthesis and degradation of myoECs and, therefore, in the release of myoECs and exertion of their specific effects is thoroughly considered. Increasingly popular hypotheses about the prominent role of myoECs (AEA and/or 2-AG) in the rise of the overall level of ECs in the blood during muscle exercise and the development of "runner's high" and about the role of myoECs in the correction of a number of psychophysiological conditions (pain syndrome, stress, etc.) are discussed here. Thus, this review presents information about the myoEC pool from a totally new viewpoint, underlining its possible independent and non-trivial regulatory role in the body, in contrast to the traditional and well-known activity of neurogenic ECs.

肌源性经典内源性大麻素、其靶点和活性。
本综述侧重于最近发现的两种经典内源性大麻素(ECs)--2-丙烯酰甘油(2-AG)和花生四烯酸乙醇酰胺(AEA)--在骨骼肌中合成和降解时的特殊作用;换句话说,本综述专门讨论肌内源性大麻素(myoEC)池的特性和作用。本综述从三个不同层面探讨了肌内分泌素池的影响:骨骼肌层面、运动突触层面以及包括中枢神经系统在内的整个机体层面。特别关注的是,心肌细胞对能量交换和肌纤维收缩活动以及运动突触的递质分泌具有积极影响,但这一能力仍被严重低估,而且耐人寻味。研究深入探讨了肌肉收缩在调节催化肌ECs合成和降解的酶之间的活性平衡中的作用,以及因此在肌ECs释放和发挥其特殊作用中的作用。本文讨论了越来越流行的假说,即肌肉生长因子(AEA 和/或 2-AG)在肌肉运动期间血液中生长因子总体水平的上升和 "跑步兴奋 "的形成中起着重要作用,以及肌肉生长因子在纠正一些心理生理状况(疼痛综合症、压力等)中的作用。因此,这篇综述从一个全新的视角介绍了肌EC池的相关信息,强调了肌EC在体内可能发挥的独立和非同一般的调节作用,与传统和众所周知的神经原EC的活动形成了鲜明对比。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biochemistry (Moscow)
Biochemistry (Moscow) 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
3.60%
发文量
139
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Biochemistry (Moscow) is the journal that includes research papers in all fields of biochemistry as well as biochemical aspects of molecular biology, bioorganic chemistry, microbiology, immunology, physiology, and biomedical sciences. Coverage also extends to new experimental methods in biochemistry, theoretical contributions of biochemical importance, reviews of contemporary biochemical topics, and mini-reviews (News in Biochemistry).
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