Raquel Caballero, Gracia Javaloyes, Marta Romero, Miguel Ángel Rojas, Sandra Del Pozo, Beatriz Lara, Esther Lara, Alicia Grau, Patricia Girón de Velasco, Miguel Casanovas
{"title":"Safety of immunotherapy with <i>Alternaria alternata</i> glutaraldehyde-polymerized allergen extract in adults and children.","authors":"Raquel Caballero, Gracia Javaloyes, Marta Romero, Miguel Ángel Rojas, Sandra Del Pozo, Beatriz Lara, Esther Lara, Alicia Grau, Patricia Girón de Velasco, Miguel Casanovas","doi":"10.15586/aei.v52i6.1166","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allergies to fungi, such as <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, are significant contributors to respiratory conditions like asthma and rhinitis. Immunotherapy with native <i>A. alternata</i> extracts often results in high rates of adverse reactions. This study evaluates the safety of immunotherapy using glutaraldehyde-polymerized <i>A. alternata</i> extracts in both pediatric and adult populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational real-world study involved 738 patients (435 children and 303 adults) monosensitized to <i>A. alternata</i> or polysensitized together to other allergens. Patients received personalized immunotherapy containing polymerized <i>A. alternata</i> extract, either alone or in combination with other polymerized allergens. The concentration of each polymerized allergen in the therapeutic vaccine was 10,000 TU/mL. Side reactions were classified and recorded based on immediate and delayed onset, and their severity was graded according to the EAACI guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All side reactions were expected and related to the intrinsic properties of allergens. The number of injections administered was 7392, with 4137 to children and 3255 to adults. Thirteen relevant local reactions (0.24% in children, 0.09% in adults) and seven systemic reactions (0.09% overall) were observed. Systemic reactions included mild to moderate symptoms, such as mild bronchospasm and rhinitis. Severe reactions were not reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Immunotherapy with glutaraldehyde-polymerized <i>A. alternata</i>, alone or in combination with other polymerized allergens, is safe and well-tolerated in both children and adults. The polymerized extracts allow for higher concentrations and faster administration schedules, providing an effective treatment option for patients with fungal allergies, including those polysensitized to multiple allergens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7536,"journal":{"name":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","volume":"52 6","pages":"9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Allergologia et immunopathologia","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.15586/aei.v52i6.1166","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ALLERGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Background: Allergies to fungi, such as Alternaria alternata, are significant contributors to respiratory conditions like asthma and rhinitis. Immunotherapy with native A. alternata extracts often results in high rates of adverse reactions. This study evaluates the safety of immunotherapy using glutaraldehyde-polymerized A. alternata extracts in both pediatric and adult populations.
Methods: This observational real-world study involved 738 patients (435 children and 303 adults) monosensitized to A. alternata or polysensitized together to other allergens. Patients received personalized immunotherapy containing polymerized A. alternata extract, either alone or in combination with other polymerized allergens. The concentration of each polymerized allergen in the therapeutic vaccine was 10,000 TU/mL. Side reactions were classified and recorded based on immediate and delayed onset, and their severity was graded according to the EAACI guidelines.
Results: All side reactions were expected and related to the intrinsic properties of allergens. The number of injections administered was 7392, with 4137 to children and 3255 to adults. Thirteen relevant local reactions (0.24% in children, 0.09% in adults) and seven systemic reactions (0.09% overall) were observed. Systemic reactions included mild to moderate symptoms, such as mild bronchospasm and rhinitis. Severe reactions were not reported.
Conclusion: Immunotherapy with glutaraldehyde-polymerized A. alternata, alone or in combination with other polymerized allergens, is safe and well-tolerated in both children and adults. The polymerized extracts allow for higher concentrations and faster administration schedules, providing an effective treatment option for patients with fungal allergies, including those polysensitized to multiple allergens.
期刊介绍：
Founded in 1972 by Professor A. Oehling, Allergologia et Immunopathologia is a forum for those working in the field of pediatric asthma, allergy and immunology. Manuscripts related to clinical, epidemiological and experimental allergy and immunopathology related to childhood will be considered for publication. Allergologia et Immunopathologia is the official journal of the Spanish Society of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology (SEICAP) and also of the Latin American Society of Immunodeficiencies (LASID). It has and independent international Editorial Committee which submits received papers for peer-reviewing by international experts. The journal accepts original and review articles from all over the world, together with consensus statements from the aforementioned societies. Occasionally, the opinion of an expert on a burning topic is published in the "Point of View" section. Letters to the Editor on previously published papers are welcomed. Allergologia et Immunopathologia publishes 6 issues per year and is included in the major databases such as Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Knowledge, etc.
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