Association between maternal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and birth anthropometric outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IF 6.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117290

Ali Mohammad Latifi , Fatemeh Abdi , Mohammad Miri , Sara Ashtari , Seyedeh Noushin Ghalandarpoor-attar , Milad Mohamadzadeh , Abbas Ali Imani Fooladi , Shahab Uddin , Amir Vahedian-azimi

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Previous research has proposed that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during pregnancy could potentially lead to a higher risk of adverse birth anthropometric outcomes. However, the current evidence on this connection remains inconclusive, as various studies have presented conflicting results.

Objective

This systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to synthesize the available research on the potential link between maternal PAHs exposure and birth anthropometric outcomes.

Methods

A comprehensive search of Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library up to July 1, 2024, was conducted to identify studies investigating the impact of maternal PAHs exposure during pregnancy on birth anthropometric measures, including small gestational age (SGA), low birth weight (LBW), birth weight (BW), birth length (BL), birth head circumference (BHC), and birth chest circumference (BCC). Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and the GRADE framework, and a random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to consolidate association estimates.

Results

Out of 5499 articles initially screened, 27 studies were included in the review. The meta-analysis revealed no significant association between maternal PAHs exposure and LBW (OR: 1.02, 95 % CI: 0.96–1.08), with moderate heterogeneity (I²: 25.8 %, P=0.37). Notably, PAHs exposure was significantly associated with BW (β: −9.79 g, 95 % CI: −16.71 to −2.87), along with high heterogeneity (I²: 99.9 %, P<0.001), and shorter BL (β: −0.04 cm, 95 % CI: −0.07 to −0.01), also with high heterogeneity (I²: 84.3 %, P<0.001). Additionally, a borderline significant decrease in BHC was observed (β: −0.01 cm, 95 % CI: −0.02 to −0.00) with no significant heterogeneity among studies. The results SGA were inconsistent across the studies.

Conclusion

Maternal exposure to PAHs was associated with adverse birth anthropometric outcomes, particularly lower BW and BL. The borderline significant reduction in BHC suggests a potential impact worth further investigation, although this finding remains inconclusive and not yet actionable. Results for SGA varied significantly among studies, underscoring the complexity of these associations. Collectively, these findings highlight the necessity for additional research to elucidate the effects of specific PAH metabolites on birth anthropometric outcomes and to explore potential interventions aimed at mitigating the identified risks.

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母亲接触多环芳烃与新生儿人体测量结果之间的关系：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

背景：以前的研究提出，孕期接触多环芳烃（PAHs）有可能导致出生后出现不良人体测量结果的风险升高。然而，目前关于这种联系的证据仍不确定，因为各种研究结果相互矛盾：本系统综述和荟萃分析旨在综合现有的关于母体多环芳烃暴露与新生儿人体测量结果之间潜在联系的研究：方法：对 Scopus、PubMed/MEDLINE、Web of Science 和 Cochrane Library（截至 2024 年 7 月 1 日）进行了全面检索，以确定调查孕期母体多环芳烃暴露对出生人体测量结果影响的研究，包括小胎龄（SGA）、低出生体重（LBW）、出生体重（BW）、出生身长（BL）、出生头围（BHC）和出生胸围（BCC）。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）和GRADE框架进行了质量评估，并进行了随机效应荟萃分析以整合关联估计值：在初步筛选出的 5499 篇文章中，有 27 项研究被纳入综述。荟萃分析表明，孕产妇多环芳烃暴露与婴儿夭折之间无明显关联（OR：1.02，95 % CI：0.96-1.08），存在中度异质性（I²：25.8 %，P=0.37）。值得注意的是，多环芳烃暴露与婴儿体重显著相关（β：-9.79 g，95 % CI：-16.71 至-2.87），异质性较高（I²：99.9 %，P=0.37）：母亲暴露于多环芳烃与不利的出生人体测量结果有关，尤其是较低的体重和腹围。BHC的边缘显着降低表明其潜在影响值得进一步研究，但这一发现仍不确定，尚不具备可操作性。不同研究的 SGA 结果差异很大，凸显了这些关联的复杂性。总之，这些发现突出表明，有必要开展更多的研究，以阐明特定多环芳烃代谢物对新生儿人体测量结果的影响，并探索旨在降低已发现风险的潜在干预措施。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

1234

审稿时长

88 days

期刊介绍： Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety is a multi-disciplinary journal that focuses on understanding the exposure and effects of environmental contamination on organisms including human health. The scope of the journal covers three main themes. The topics within these themes, indicated below, include (but are not limited to) the following: Ecotoxicology、Environmental Chemistry、Environmental Safety etc.