Implications of the NDC80 complex on the tumor immune microenvironment and cell growth in pan-cancer.

Abstract

Background: Previous evidence indicates that the NDC80 complex, a conserved spindle microtubule-binding component of the kinetochore, is overexpressed and associated with prognosis in certain cancer types. Herein, we assessed the expression and prognostic value of NDC80 complex components in pan-cancer and interrogated their potential functions in tumor context through multiple databases and software. Results: Our findings showed that the expression of NDC80 complex components was aberrant across almost all cancer types and correlated positively with poor prognosis at the pan-cancer level. Furthermore, the expression levels of NDC80 complex components were positively associated with Th2 cell infiltration in the majority of cancer types. Additionally, higher expression of the NDC80 complex components was associated with increased immune checkpoint gene expression and TP53 mutation in specific cancer types. We also discovered that NDC80 complex components play pivotal roles in cell division, and the cell cycle within the tumor context. Moreover, knockdown of NDC80 significantly suppressed cell growth and inhibited the G1-S phase transition in two breast cancer cell lines. Conclusions: Our study suggests that the NDC80 complex components could serve as reliable biomarkers for cancer detection and prognosis in pan-cancer, in addition to uncovering their role as cancer-promoting genes involved in Th2 cell infiltration, immune checkpoint, cell growth, and TP53 mutation.