Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and their influence on inflammatory biomarkers in pregnancy: Findings from the LIFECODES cohort

IF 10.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environment International Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI:10.1016/j.envint.2024.109145

Ram C. Siwakoti , Sean M. Harris , Kelly K. Ferguson , Wei Hao , David E. Cantonwine , Bhramar Mukherjee , Thomas F. McElrath , John D. Meeker

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are fluorinated chemicals linked to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. However, the underlying mechanisms, specifically their effects on maternal inflammatory processes, are not well characterized.

Objective

We examined associations between prenatal PFAS exposure and repeated measures of inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and four cytokines [Interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)].

Methods

We analyzed data from 469 pregnant women in a nested case-control study of preterm birth at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts (2006–2008). We measured nine PFAS in early pregnancy plasma samples (median gestation: 10 weeks), with inflammatory biomarkers measured at median gestations of 10, 18, 26, and 35 weeks. We used linear mixed models for repeated measures and multivariable regression for visit-specific analysis to examine associations between each PFAS and inflammation biomarker, adjusting for maternal demographics, pre-pregnancy BMI, and parity. We examined the effects of PFAS mixture using sum of all PFAS (

\sum P F A S

) and quantile-based g-computation approaches.

Results

We observed consistent inverse associations between most PFAS and cytokines, specifically IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α, in both single pollutant and mixture analyses. For example, an interquartile range increase in perfluorooctanesulfonic acid was associated with −10.87 (95% CI: −19.75, −0.99), −13.91 (95% CI: −24.11, −2.34), and −8.63 (95% CI: −14.51, −2.35) percent change in IL-10, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, respectively. Fetal sex, maternal race, and visit-specific analyses showed associations between most PFAS and cytokines were generally stronger in mid-pregnancy and among women who delivered males or identified as African American.

Conclusions

The observed suppression of both regulatory (IL-10) and pro-inflammatory (TNF-α) cytokines suggests that PFAS may alter maternal inflammatory processes or immune functions during pregnancy. Further research is needed to understand the effects of both legacy and newer PFAS on inflammatory pathways and their broader clinical implications.

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产前接触全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 及其对孕期炎症生物标志物的影响：LIFECODES 队列的研究结果

背景全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）是与不良妊娠和分娩结局有关的含氟化学品。我们研究了产前 PFAS 暴露与反复测量炎症生物标志物（包括 C 反应蛋白 (CRP) 和四种细胞因子 [白细胞介素-10 (IL-10)、IL-1β、IL-6 和肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)] 之间的关系。方法我们分析了马萨诸塞州波士顿布里格姆妇女医院早产巢式病例对照研究（2006-2008 年）中 469 名孕妇的数据。我们测量了孕早期血浆样本（中位数妊娠期：10 周）中的九种 PFAS，并在中位数妊娠期 10 周、18 周、26 周和 35 周时测量了炎症生物标志物。我们使用线性混合效应模型进行重复测量，并使用多变量回归法进行特定妊娠分析，以检验每种 PFAS 与炎症生物标志物之间的关联，同时对孕产妇人口统计学特征、孕前体重指数和胎次进行调整。我们使用所有 PFAS 之和（∑PFAS∑PFAS）和基于量纲的 g 计算方法研究了 PFAS 的混合物效应。结果在单一污染物和混合物分析中，我们观察到大多数 PFAS 与细胞因子（特别是 IL-10、IL-6 和 TNF-α）之间存在一致的反向关联。例如，全氟辛烷磺酸在四分位数范围内的增加分别与IL-10、IL-6和TNF-α水平的-10.87（95% CI：-19.75，-0.99）、-13.91（95% CI：-24.11，-2.34）和-8.63（95% CI：-14.51，-2.35）个百分点变化相关。胎儿性别、母亲种族和就诊特异性分析表明，大多数 PFAS 与细胞因子之间的关联在妊娠中期和分娩男性或确定为非裔美国人的妇女中普遍较强。结论观察到的调节性（IL-10）和促炎性（TNF-α）细胞因子的抑制作用表明，PFAS 可能会改变妊娠期母亲的炎症过程或免疫功能。要了解传统和新型 PFAS 对炎症途径的影响及其广泛的临床意义，还需要进一步的研究。

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来源期刊

Environment International 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

21.90

自引率

3.40%

发文量

734

审稿时长

2.8 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Health publishes manuscripts focusing on critical aspects of environmental and occupational medicine, including studies in toxicology and epidemiology, to illuminate the human health implications of exposure to environmental hazards. The journal adopts an open-access model and practices open peer review. It caters to scientists and practitioners across all environmental science domains, directly or indirectly impacting human health and well-being. With a commitment to enhancing the prevention of environmentally-related health risks, Environmental Health serves as a public health journal for the community and scientists engaged in matters of public health significance concerning the environment.