Dietary intervention of propolis and/or turmeric boosted growth, hematology, biochemical profile, and antioxidant-immune responses and their associated gene expression in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) challenged with Edwardsiella tarda
Asmaa Edrees, Asmaa S. A. Abdel-Daim, Nema S. Shaban, Olfat Shehata, Rowida E. Ibrahim
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Immunostimulant phytogenic feed additives are given great concern for improving fish health, growth, immune responses, and resistance to diseases. This research investigated the impact of dietary propolis (PRO), turmeric (TUR), and their combination on the growth, hematology, antioxidant-immune responses, and their regulating genes in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) during Edwardsiella tarda challenge. For 8 weeks, a total number of 320 fish (20.70 ± 0.14 g) were allocated into four groups at random, each with eight replicates (10 fish each). The first group (1st) was given the basal diet (control) without any supplements. The 2nd, 3rd, and 4th groups were supplemented with 1% PRO, 1% TUR, and the mixture (1%PRO + 1%TUR), respectively. The experimental groups were challenged intraperitoneally with E. tarda at a dose of 0.1 mL (1 × 105 CFU) at the termination of the feeding trial, and the fish survival was estimated for an additional 7 days. The results demonstrated that fish-fed diets supplemented with PRO and/or TUR showed higher body weight, condition factor, specific growth rate, feed intake, and feed efficiency utilization than the control group (P < 0.05). The hematological, protein profile, and antioxidant-immune (total antioxidant capacity, lysozymes, and IgM) parameters were substantially improved in the challenged fish fed on PRO and/or TUR diets compared to the challenged non-fed fish. The lipid profile and malondialdehyde were substantially decreased in the challenged fish fed on PRO and/or TUR diets compared to the challenged non-fed group. Notably, a down-turning of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression with up-turning of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) expression was noticed in the challenged fish fed on PRO and/or TUR diets compared to the challenged non-fed fish. Noteworthy, dietary PRO and/or TUR improved the fish survival during E. tarda challenge. The mixture of PRO and TUR can be added to Nile tilapia diets to enhance their growth, immune response, and resistance to E. tarda. These outcomes help in the sustainable development of the Nile tilapia culture industry.
免疫刺激植物源饲料添加剂在改善鱼类健康、生长、免疫反应和抗病能力方面受到极大关注。本研究调查了膳食蜂胶（PRO）、姜黄（TUR）及其组合对尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）在受到Edwardsiella tarda挑战时的生长、血液学、抗氧化免疫反应及其调控基因的影响。将 320 尾鱼（20.70 ± 0.14 克）随机分为 4 组，每组 8 个重复（每组 10 尾），共饲养 8 周。第一组（第 1 组）给鱼吃基础饲料（对照组），不添加任何添加剂。第二组、第三组和第四组分别添加 1%PRO、1%TUR 和混合饲料（1%PRO + 1%TUR）。在喂养试验结束时，用 0.1 mL 剂量（1 × 105 CFU）的 E. tarda 对实验组进行腹腔注射，并对鱼的存活率进行评估，评估期为 7 天。结果表明，与对照组相比，喂食添加 PRO 和/或 TUR 的日粮的鱼的体重、体况系数、特定生长率、饲料摄入量和饲料效率利用率更高（P < 0.05）。与未饲喂PRO和/或TUR日粮的鱼类相比，饲喂PRO和/或TUR日粮的鱼类的血液学、蛋白质谱和抗氧化免疫（总抗氧化能力、溶菌酶和IgM）指标均有显著改善。与未摄食饲料的鱼类相比，摄食 PRO 和/或 TUR 饲料的鱼类的血脂和丙二醛含量大幅下降。值得注意的是，与未摄食饲料的鱼类相比，摄食PRO和/或TUR饲料的鱼类体内核因子卡巴B（NFκB）和肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）的表达量下降，核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）和转化生长因子β（TGF-β）的表达量上升。值得注意的是，饲喂 PRO 和/或 TUR 可提高鱼类在 E. tarda 挑战中的存活率。可在尼罗罗非鱼日粮中添加 PRO 和 TUR 混合物，以提高其生长、免疫反应和对 E. tarda 的抵抗力。这些结果有助于尼罗罗非鱼养殖业的可持续发展。
期刊介绍：
Aquaculture International is an international journal publishing original research papers, short communications, technical notes and review papers on all aspects of aquaculture.
The Journal covers topics such as the biology, physiology, pathology and genetics of cultured fish, crustaceans, molluscs and plants, especially new species; water quality of supply systems, fluctuations in water quality within farms and the environmental impacts of aquacultural operations; nutrition, feeding and stocking practices, especially as they affect the health and growth rates of cultured species; sustainable production techniques; bioengineering studies on the design and management of offshore and land-based systems; the improvement of quality and marketing of farmed products; sociological and societal impacts of aquaculture, and more.
This is the official Journal of the European Aquaculture Society.
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