Effects of Sophora flavescens ethanol extract supplementation in high soybean meal diets on growth, intestinal antioxidant status and immune response in Pearl Gentian grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂)

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Aquaculture International Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI:10.1007/s10499-024-01725-8

Xin Lu, Yinhui Peng, Kianann Tan, Bingxiang Zhou, Qingfang Gong, Peng Xu, Xueying Liang, Wenjie Liu, Kit Yue Kwan, Yingrui Wu, Xiaohui Cai

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of adding Sophora flavescens ethanol extract to high soybean meal feed (soybean meal replaced 50% fish meal protein) on growth, antioxidant status, and immune response in pearl gentian grouper. The fish (72.5 ± 0.5 g) were randomly divided into three groups: the fish meal group (the FM group), the soybean meal group (the SBM group), and the SBM + 0.2% S. flavescens ethanol extract group (the SBMSF group). Three groups of iso-nitrogenous (50% protein) and iso-lipidic (10% lipid) diets were prepared and fed to fish for 8 weeks. The weight gain rate of the SBM group was 47.53 ± 13.07%, which was significantly decreased compared with the FM group (P < 0.05). After adding ethanol extract of S. flavescens, the average weight gain rate of the SBMSF group recovered to 89.75 ± 30.16%. Compared to the FM group, the SBM group showed decreased contents of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement 3 (C3) in serum and increased activity of trypsin in the intestinal tract, and the above phenomenon was effectively reversed in the SBMSF group. Intestinal antioxidant enzymes activity, including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), were significantly higher in the SBMSF group and FM group, than the SBM group (P < 0.05). The SBMSF group also had lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) than the SBM group. The SBM group showed increased intestinal inflammatory cytokine (tnf-α, il-8, il1-β) mRNA expression and decreased anti-inflammatory il-10 expression compared to the FM group, but the SBMSF group showed a reversal of these expression changes. Histological analysis revealed shortened intestinal villus folds, wider lamina propria, more goblet cells, and higher inflammatory cell infiltration in the SBM group versus the FM group, with the SBMSF group significantly improving these intestinal health parameters. In summary, S. flavescens ethanol extract supplementation in high-SBM feed enhanced antioxidant status, immunity, and growth in pearl gentian grouper, and exerted anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits. This highlights implications for developing soybean meal aquafeeds and therapies.

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在高豆粕日粮中添加槐花乙醇提取物对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼（Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂）生长、肠道抗氧化状态和免疫反应的影响

本研究评估了在高豆粕饲料（豆粕替代50%鱼粉蛋白）中添加槐花乙醇提取物对珍珠龙胆石斑鱼生长、抗氧化状态和免疫反应的影响。将珍珠龙胆石斑鱼（72.5 ± 0.5 g）随机分为三组：鱼粉组（FM 组）、豆粕组（SBM 组）和 SBM + 0.2% S. flavescens 乙醇提取物组（SBMSF 组）。配制了三组等氮（50% 蛋白质）和等脂（10% 脂肪）日粮，喂鱼 8 周。SBM组的增重率为47.53 ± 13.07%，与FM组相比明显下降（P < 0.05）。在添加乙醇提取物后，SBMSF 组的平均增重率恢复到 89.75 ± 30.16%。与FM组相比，SBM组血清中免疫球蛋白M（IgM）和补体3（C3）含量降低，肠道中胰蛋白酶活性升高，而SBMSF组有效地逆转了上述现象。SBMSF组和FM组的肠道抗氧化酶活性，包括过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX），均显著高于SBM组（P <0.05）。SBMSF组的丙二醛（MDA）水平也低于SBM组。与 FM 组相比，SBM 组的肠道炎症细胞因子（tnf-α、il-8、il1-β）mRNA 表达增加，而抗炎细胞因子 il-10 表达减少，但 SBMSF 组则逆转了这些表达变化。组织学分析显示，SBM 组与 FM 组相比，肠绒毛褶皱缩短、固有层变宽、鹅口疮细胞增多、炎症细胞浸润增加，SBMSF 组显著改善了这些肠道健康参数。总之，在高SBM饲料中添加S. flavescens乙醇提取物可提高珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的抗氧化状态、免疫力和生长，并具有抗炎和抗氧化作用。这凸显了开发豆粕水产饲料和疗法的意义。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture International 农林科学-渔业

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

6.90%

发文量

204

审稿时长

1.0 months

期刊介绍： Aquaculture International is an international journal publishing original research papers, short communications, technical notes and review papers on all aspects of aquaculture. The Journal covers topics such as the biology, physiology, pathology and genetics of cultured fish, crustaceans, molluscs and plants, especially new species; water quality of supply systems, fluctuations in water quality within farms and the environmental impacts of aquacultural operations; nutrition, feeding and stocking practices, especially as they affect the health and growth rates of cultured species; sustainable production techniques; bioengineering studies on the design and management of offshore and land-based systems; the improvement of quality and marketing of farmed products; sociological and societal impacts of aquaculture, and more. This is the official Journal of the European Aquaculture Society.