Effects of plant source selection and chemi-mechanical treatment on the fiber microstructures and mechanical behaviors of nanocellulose films

IF 3.1 2区 农林科学 Q1 FORESTRY
Yangyang Qian, Chunyu Wang, Yijun Liu, Bingfei Shi, Jianqiang Zhang, Yuan Wei, Gang Chen
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Abstract

Cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were isolated and prepared from six different plant sources (Nordic pine, poplar, cotton, flax, bamboo, and pineapple leaf fibers) through a carboxymethylation-homogenization treatment. The surface morphologies, size distributions, and chemical structures of the CNFs and their microfibers were investigated in detail. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis showed that all kinds of CNFs had uniform diameters of less than 10 nm. However, the length and aspect ratio of CNFs exhibited significant differences due to the differences of anatomical characteristics from pulp species. Among these six nanofibers, the pineapple leaf-based nanofibers had the highest length of ca. 2.21 μm and aspect ratio of ca. 1263. Meanwhile, the resulting pineapple leaf-based nanocellulose film possessed the strongest tensile strength (229.0 ± 9.8 MPa) and toughness (33.9 ± 2.9 MJ/m3). Interestingly, the aspect ratio of cotton nanofibers was only 556, lower than that of bamboo, Nordic pine, and flax nanofibers, but the tensile strength (210.6 ± 4.8 MPa) and toughness (22.4 ± 0.6 MJ/m3) of cotton-based nanocellulose film were second only to the pineapple leaf-based nanocellulose film. The critical reason is that the cotton-based nanocellulose exhibited the highest crystallinity index (76.6%), superior to the other source-based nanocellulose. These results suggested that the high aspect ratio or high crystallinity are responsible for the excellent mechanical strengths of the nanocellulose film. This work sheds light on the preparation and selection of highly spindly or crystalline nonwood nanofibrils, suggesting that the pineapple leaf or cotton nanofibers have great potential as strength additives for nanocomposites.

植物来源选择和化学机械处理对纳米纤维素薄膜的纤维微结构和机械性能的影响
通过羧甲基化-均质化处理,从六种不同的植物(北欧松、杨树、棉花、亚麻、竹子和菠萝叶纤维)中分离制备了纤维素纳米纤维(CNFs)。详细研究了 CNFs 及其微纤维的表面形态、尺寸分布和化学结构。原子力显微镜(AFM)分析表明,各种 CNFs 的直径均小于 10 纳米。然而,由于不同纸浆品种的解剖特征不同,CNFs 的长度和长宽比表现出显著差异。在这六种纳米纤维中,菠萝叶基纳米纤维的长度最大,约为 2.21 μm,长宽比约为 1263。同时,菠萝叶基纳米纤维素薄膜具有最强的拉伸强度(229.0 ± 9.8 MPa)和韧性(33.9 ± 2.9 MJ/m3)。有趣的是,棉纳米纤维的长宽比仅为 556,低于竹纳米纤维、北欧松纳米纤维和亚麻纳米纤维,但棉基纳米纤维素薄膜的拉伸强度(210.6 ± 4.8 MPa)和韧性(22.4 ± 0.6 MJ/m3)仅次于菠萝叶基纳米纤维素薄膜。关键原因是棉基纳米纤维素的结晶度指数最高(76.6%),优于其他来源的纳米纤维素。这些结果表明,高纵横比或高结晶度是纳米纤维素薄膜具有优异机械强度的原因。这项研究揭示了如何制备和选择高刺或高结晶非木材纳米纤维,表明菠萝叶或棉纳米纤维作为纳米复合材料的强度添加剂具有巨大潜力。
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来源期刊
Wood Science and Technology
Wood Science and Technology 工程技术-材料科学:纸与木材
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
5.90%
发文量
75
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Wood Science and Technology publishes original scientific research results and review papers covering the entire field of wood material science, wood components and wood based products. Subjects are wood biology and wood quality, wood physics and physical technologies, wood chemistry and chemical technologies. Latest advances in areas such as cell wall and wood formation; structural and chemical composition of wood and wood composites and their property relations; physical, mechanical and chemical characterization and relevant methodological developments, and microbiological degradation of wood and wood based products are reported. Topics related to wood technology include machining, gluing, and finishing, composite technology, wood modification, wood mechanics, creep and rheology, and the conversion of wood into pulp and biorefinery products.
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