Bipolar Membranes With Controlled, Microscale 3D Junctions Enhance the Rates of Water Dissociation and Formation

IF 24.4 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI:10.1002/aenm.202404285

Tianyue Gao, Leanna Schulte, Langqiu Xiao, Eisuke Yamamoto, Amy S. Metlay, Colton J. Sheehan, Sariah Marth, Heemin Park, Sayantan Sasmal, Francisco J. Galang, Chulsung Bae, Adam Z. Weber, Shannon W. Boettcher, Thomas E. Mallouk

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Abstract

A soft lithographic method is developed for making bipolar membranes (BPMs) with catalytic junctions formed from arrays of vertically oriented microscale cylinders. The membranes are cast from reusable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) molds made from silicon masters, which are fabricated on 2″ to 4″ wafer scales by nanosphere lithography. High‐aspect‐ratio junctions are made on a length scale similar to the thickness of optimized catalyst layers for water dissociation, creating a platform for probing the dual effects of catalysis and local electric field at the microscale BPM junction. Optimized polymer materials and nanoscale metal oxide catalysts are used in this study. 3D BPMs are tested under reverse and forward bias conditions, exhibiting superior performance relative to their 2D counterparts. Under forward bias in H2‐O2 fuel cells, 3D BPMs achieve a current density of 1500 mA cm−2, ≈7 times higher than 2D membranes made from the same materials.

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具有可控微尺度三维连接的双极膜可提高水的解离和形成速度

本研究开发了一种软光刻方法，用于制造由垂直方向的微尺度圆柱体阵列形成的具有催化接点的双极膜（BPM）。这种膜由可重复使用的聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）模具浇铸而成，该模具由硅母料制成，并通过纳米球光刻技术在 2 英寸至 4 英寸晶圆上制造。高宽比结的长度尺度与水解离优化催化剂层的厚度相似，为探测微尺度 BPM 结的催化和局部电场的双重效应提供了一个平台。本研究使用了优化的聚合物材料和纳米级金属氧化物催化剂。在反向和正向偏压条件下对三维 BPM 进行了测试，结果显示其性能优于二维 BPM。在 H2-O2 燃料电池的正向偏压条件下，三维 BPM 的电流密度达到了 1500 mA cm-2，是由相同材料制成的二维膜的 7 倍。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Advanced Energy Materials CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL-ENERGY & FUELS

CiteScore

41.90

自引率

4.00%

发文量

889

审稿时长

1.4 months

期刊介绍： Established in 2011, Advanced Energy Materials is an international, interdisciplinary, English-language journal that focuses on materials used in energy harvesting, conversion, and storage. It is regarded as a top-quality journal alongside Advanced Materials, Advanced Functional Materials, and Small. With a 2022 Impact Factor of 27.8, Advanced Energy Materials is considered a prime source for the best energy-related research. The journal covers a wide range of topics in energy-related research, including organic and inorganic photovoltaics, batteries and supercapacitors, fuel cells, hydrogen generation and storage, thermoelectrics, water splitting and photocatalysis, solar fuels and thermosolar power, magnetocalorics, and piezoelectronics. The readership of Advanced Energy Materials includes materials scientists, chemists, physicists, and engineers in both academia and industry. The journal is indexed in various databases and collections, such as Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database, FIZ Karlsruhe, INSPEC (IET), Science Citation Index Expanded, Technology Collection, and Web of Science, among others.