First Evidence of Individual Sharks Involved in Multiple Predatory Bites on People

IF 7.7 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI:10.1111/conl.13067

Eric E. G. Clua, Carl G. Meyer, Mark Freeman, Sandra Baksay, Hadrien Bidenbach, Anne Haguenauer, John D. C. Linnell, Clémentine Séguigne, Steven Surina, Michel Vely, Thomas Vignaud, Serge Planes

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

It is widely accepted that populations of terrestrial predators sometimes contain “problem individuals” that repeatedly attack humans, yet this phenomenon has never been demonstrated in sharks. Here, we present photographic and genetic evidence of individuals in populations of tiger Galeocerdo cuvier and oceanic whitetip Carcharhinus longimanus sharks that (1) demonstrated atypical behavior compared to the rest of the population, (2) engaged in repeated agonistic behavior directed toward humans, and (3) bit, or attempted to bite humans in probable foraging attempts. These case studies provide some of the first evidence for the existence of “problem individuals” among sharks. The percentage of fatalities due to the same shark individual are not known, so we recommend systematic swabbing of shark bite victims wounds to better understand the importance of this phenomenon and the possibility of identifying these animals. Environmentally conscientious management options for problem individuals range from prohibiting ocean activities (e.g., swimming and surfing) in their habitats to selectively removing the individual, although the latter would be challenging in the marine environment.

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首次发现鲨鱼个体多次捕食咬人的证据

人们普遍认为，陆地捕食者种群中有时会出现反复攻击人类的 "问题个体"，但这种现象从未在鲨鱼中得到证实。在这里，我们展示了虎鲨（Galeocerdo cuvier）和大洋白鳍鲨（Carcharhinus longimanus）种群中个体的照片和基因证据，这些个体（1）与种群中的其他个体相比表现出非典型行为，（2）反复出现针对人类的争斗行为，（3）在可能的觅食尝试中咬伤或试图咬伤人类。这些案例研究为鲨鱼中 "问题个体 "的存在提供了一些初步证据。由于同一鲨鱼个体造成的死亡比例尚不清楚，因此我们建议对鲨鱼咬伤受害者的伤口进行系统的拭抹，以更好地了解这一现象的重要性以及识别这些动物的可能性。针对问题个体的环保管理方案包括禁止在其栖息地进行海洋活动（如游泳和冲浪），以及有选择性地移除个体，尽管后者在海洋环境中具有挑战性。

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来源期刊

Conservation Letters BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION-

CiteScore

13.50

自引率

2.40%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Conservation Letters is a reputable scientific journal that is devoted to the publication of both empirical and theoretical research that has important implications for the conservation of biological diversity. The journal warmly invites submissions from various disciplines within the biological and social sciences, with a particular interest in interdisciplinary work. The primary aim is to advance both pragmatic conservation objectives and scientific knowledge. Manuscripts are subject to a rapid communication schedule, therefore they should address current and relevant topics. Research articles should effectively communicate the significance of their findings in relation to conservation policy and practice.