Paradoxes of infinite aggregation

Noûs Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI:10.1111/nous.12535
Frank Hong, Jeffrey Sanford Russell
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Abstract

There are infinitely many ways the world might be, and there may well be infinitely many people in it. These facts raise moral paradoxes. We explore a conflict between two highly attractive principles: a Pareto principle that says that what is better for everyone is better overall, and a statewise dominance principle that says that what is sure to turn out better is better on balance. We refine and generalize this paradox, showing that the problem is faced by many theories of interpersonal aggregation besides utilitarianism, and by many decision theories besides expected value theory. Considering the range of consistent responses, we find all of them to be quite radical.
无限聚合的悖论
世界可能有无限多的样子,世界上也可能有无限多的人。这些事实引发了道德悖论。我们探讨了两个极具吸引力的原则之间的冲突:一个是帕累托原则,即对每个人都更好的原则;另一个是状态主导原则,即结果肯定更好的原则。我们完善并推广了这一悖论,表明除了功利主义之外,许多人际聚合理论都面临这一问题,除了预期价值理论之外,许多决策理论也面临这一问题。考虑到一致回应的范围,我们发现所有这些回应都相当激进。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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