{"title":"Insight on an Eco-Friendly Flocculation Using Cactus Extracts: Synthetic Dye and Heavy Metals Removal","authors":"Bouthaina Othmani, Moncef Khadhraoui","doi":"10.3103/S1063455X24060092","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over these last years, there is no doubt that the conventional chemical flocculants commonly used for wastewater treatment have been a source of serious human health threats and environmental damage. Consequently, safe and eco-friendly substitutes are worth looking for and assessing. Within this line, flocculants derived from cactus namely, cladodes juice (CJ), powders of lyophilized (CLP) and oven-dried (CDP) cladodes, were developed as alternatives to the noxious synthetic ones. The flocculating activity of these three extracts was evaluated in treating a synthetic Disperse Blue-1 (DB-1) dye solution and a real industrial effluent loaded with heavy metals. A prominent DB-1 removal of up to 80% was achieved using CJ, CLP and CDP. Significant colour and turbidity reductions (94%) were attained using only 20 mg/L of CLP. Likewise, the cactus bio-flocculants complementing alum as a coagulant ensured an enhanced Zn removal from the industrial wastewater. For instance, both CLP and CDP allowed salient Zn uptake exceeding 99% against 69% using the CJ formula. The slight disparity in the flocculating activity between these three formulations could be ascribed to their preparation procedures affecting the integrity of their active agents (polysaccharides and chiefly polygalacturonic acid). Further, it is thought that the presence of hydroxyl (–OH) and carboxyl (–COOH) groups on this latter’s backbone confers the cactus extracts a notable flocculating ability regardless of the type of water pollutants. The plausible flocculation mechanisms for DB-1 molecules and Zn removal are assumed to be adsorption-bridging and adsorption-charge neutralization, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":680,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.3103/S1063455X24060092","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Over these last years, there is no doubt that the conventional chemical flocculants commonly used for wastewater treatment have been a source of serious human health threats and environmental damage. Consequently, safe and eco-friendly substitutes are worth looking for and assessing. Within this line, flocculants derived from cactus namely, cladodes juice (CJ), powders of lyophilized (CLP) and oven-dried (CDP) cladodes, were developed as alternatives to the noxious synthetic ones. The flocculating activity of these three extracts was evaluated in treating a synthetic Disperse Blue-1 (DB-1) dye solution and a real industrial effluent loaded with heavy metals. A prominent DB-1 removal of up to 80% was achieved using CJ, CLP and CDP. Significant colour and turbidity reductions (94%) were attained using only 20 mg/L of CLP. Likewise, the cactus bio-flocculants complementing alum as a coagulant ensured an enhanced Zn removal from the industrial wastewater. For instance, both CLP and CDP allowed salient Zn uptake exceeding 99% against 69% using the CJ formula. The slight disparity in the flocculating activity between these three formulations could be ascribed to their preparation procedures affecting the integrity of their active agents (polysaccharides and chiefly polygalacturonic acid). Further, it is thought that the presence of hydroxyl (–OH) and carboxyl (–COOH) groups on this latter’s backbone confers the cactus extracts a notable flocculating ability regardless of the type of water pollutants. The plausible flocculation mechanisms for DB-1 molecules and Zn removal are assumed to be adsorption-bridging and adsorption-charge neutralization, respectively.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Water Chemistry and Technology focuses on water and wastewater treatment, water pollution monitoring, water purification, and similar topics. The journal publishes original scientific theoretical and experimental articles in the following sections: new developments in the science of water; theoretical principles of water treatment and technology; physical chemistry of water treatment processes; analytical water chemistry; analysis of natural and waste waters; water treatment technology and demineralization of water; biological methods of water treatment; and also solicited critical reviews summarizing the latest findings. The journal welcomes manuscripts from all countries in the English or Ukrainian language. All manuscripts are peer-reviewed.