Investigation on growth, structural, spectral, optical, thermal, third order nonlinear optical and DFT studies of dibenzoylmethane single crystal for photonic and optoelectronic applications

Abstract

An organic dibenzoylmethane single crystal was grown by slow evaporation method. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal that dibenzoylmethane crystal has an orthorhombic crystal structure and its unit cell parameters are a = 10.875 (± 0.004) Å, b = 8.769 (± 0.003) Å, c = 24.460 (± 0.009) Å, α = β = γ = 90° and volume = 2335 ų. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to calculate the optimized geometry, vibrational frequencies and electronic properties of the title compound. The fundamental vibrational analysis of the molecule obtained in FTIR spectra are compared with the theoretical results computed by DFT. The results obtained from UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopic transmittance spectra are in good agreement with theoretically obtained values using DFT method. The lower cut off wavelength and large band gap value of 4.48 eV of the crystal ensures its applications for optoelectronic devices. DFT was also used to report HOMO–LUMO bandgap energy, stability of the molecule by investigating NBO analysis, electrophilic and nucleophilic regions were identified using MEP map, topological research ELF and LOL to find bonding zone and weakest interactions in dibenzoylmethane. The atomic charge values of dibenzoylmethane were computed in Mulliken’s population analysis. The thermal stability of the crystal was studied using TG/DTA analysis. The material shows major weight losses of around 90% in the temperature between 79 °C and 270 °C. The fluorescence spectrum indicates that the crystal has emission at 401 nm and 602 nm wavelengths in visible region. The third order nonlinear susceptibility (χ³) = 3.65 × 10^–5 esu, nonlinear refractive index (n₂) = 6.42 × 10^–8 cm²/W and nonlinear absorption coefficient (β) = 7.2 × 10^–4 cm/W of the grown crystal were determined using Z-scan technique. According to these results the dibenzoylmethane crystal could be suitable for optoelectronic and photonic applications.