Fabrication methods, pseudocapacitance characteristics, and integration of conjugated conducting polymers in electrochemical energy storage devices

IF 3.2 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
Energy advances Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI:10.1039/D4YA00504J
Meysam Heydari Gharahcheshmeh and Kafil Chowdhury
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Abstract

Among the diverse range of modern renewable energy storage technologies, electrochemical energy storage devices have been rapidly adopted across various applications owing to their superior characteristics, including high coulombic efficiency, elevated energy and power densities, scalability, modularity, and rapid response capabilities. Conjugated conducting polymers have recently attracted significant attention in electrochemical energy storage devices due to their unique pseudocapacitive behavior, hybrid ionic/electronic conduction, rapid doping/de-doping dynamics, bulk intercalation of ionic species, high specific capacity, and exceptional structural and thermal stability. Conducting polymers exhibit pseudocapacitance through reversible redox reactions coupled with doping/de-doping processes, facilitating the movement of counterion dopants and ionic species between the polymer matrix and the electrolyte. The size and nature of counterion dopants significantly influence the electrochemical performance of these polymers. Small counterion dopants like chloride enhance redox exchange with the electrolyte and broaden the electrochemical potential window, which is advantageous for electrochemical energy storage devices. The pseudocapacitive properties can be further enhanced by increasing the semi-crystalline characteristics and attaining longer polymer chains. This review article focuses on the fabrication methods, fundamental aspects of ionic and electrical conductivity, and pseudocapacitance characteristics of conjugated conducting polymers, as well as their applications in Li–ion batteries, supercapacitors, and redox flow batteries.

Abstract Image

电化学储能装置中共轭导电聚合物的制造方法、伪电容特性和集成
在多种多样的现代可再生能源存储技术中,电化学储能装置因其卓越的特性,包括高库仑效率、高能量和功率密度、可扩展性、模块化和快速响应能力,已在各种应用中得到迅速采用。共轭导电聚合物因其独特的伪电容行为、混合离子/电子传导、快速掺杂/去掺杂动力学、离子物种的大量插层、高比容量以及优异的结构和热稳定性,最近在电化学储能器件中引起了极大关注。导电聚合物通过可逆氧化还原反应和掺杂/去掺杂过程,促进反离子掺杂剂和离子物种在聚合物基体和电解质之间的移动,从而表现出假电容。反离子掺杂剂的大小和性质对这些聚合物的电化学性能有很大影响。小的反离子掺杂剂(如氯化物)可增强与电解质之间的氧化还原交换,拓宽电化学电位窗口,这对电化学储能设备非常有利。通过提高半结晶特性和延长聚合物链,可进一步增强假电容特性。这篇综述文章重点介绍了共轭导电聚合物的制造方法、离子导电性和电导率的基本方面、假电容特性,以及它们在锂离子电池、超级电容器和氧化还原液流电池中的应用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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