Activation and Catalysis of Methane over Metal–Organic Framework Materials

IF 14 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Bing An, Yujie Ma, Xue Han, Martin Schröder, Sihai Yang
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Abstract

Methane (CH4), which is the main component of natural gas, is an abundant and widely available carbon resource. However, CH4 has a low energy density of only 36 kJ L–1 under ambient conditions, which is significantly lower than that of gasoline (ca. 34 MJ L–1). The activation and catalytic conversion of CH4 into value-added chemicals [e.g., methanol (CH3OH), which has an energy density of ca. 17 MJ L–1], can effectively lift its energy density. However, this conversion is highly challenging due to the inert nature of CH4, characterized by its strong C–H bonds and high stability. Consequently, the development of efficient materials that can optimize the binding and activation pathway of CH4 with control of product selectivity has attracted considerable recent interest. Metal–organic framework (MOF) materials have emerged as particularly attractive candidates for the development of efficient sorbents and heterogeneous catalysts due to their high porosity, low density, high surface area and structural versatility. These properties enable MOFs to act as effective platforms for the adsorption, binding and catalytic conversion of CH4 into valuable chemicals. Recent reports have highlighted MOFs as promising materials for these applications, leading to new insights into the structure–activity relationships that govern their performance in various systems.
金属有机框架材料对甲烷的活化和催化作用
甲烷(CH4)是天然气的主要成分,是一种丰富而广泛的碳资源。然而,CH4 的能量密度较低,在环境条件下仅为 36 kJ L-1,明显低于汽油(约 34 MJ L-1)。通过活化和催化将 CH4 转化为高附加值化学品 [如甲醇 (CH3OH),其能量密度约为 17 MJ L-1],可有效提高其能量密度。然而,由于 CH4 具有强 C-H 键和高稳定性等惰性特点,因此这种转化极具挑战性。因此,开发能够优化 CH4 的结合和活化途径并控制产物选择性的高效材料引起了人们的极大兴趣。金属有机框架(MOF)材料具有高孔隙率、低密度、高比表面积和结构多变性等特点,已成为开发高效吸附剂和异相催化剂的极具吸引力的候选材料。这些特性使 MOFs 成为吸附、结合和催化将 CH4 转化为有价值化学品的有效平台。最近的一些报道强调了 MOFs 在这些应用中作为有前途的材料的作用,从而使人们对它们在各种系统中的性能的结构-活性关系有了新的认识。
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CiteScore
17.70
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