Co-spray drying whey protein isolate with polysaccharides provides additional lubrication impacting the sensory profile of model beverages

Abstract

For older adults, whey protein is associated with negative sensory attributes, including undesirable mouthfeel qualities, that limit consumption and acceptance. Previous work suggests that increased lubrication may have the ability to reduce whey protein-associated mouthdrying, a driver for disliking, by limiting interactions of whey protein with salivary proteins and mucin. This was investigated in the current study by co-spray drying whey protein with combinations of maltodextrin, xanthan gum and/or guar gum; the resulting powders were used to make 10% suspensions. The particle size, zeta potential, rheological and tribological profiles of these suspensions were measured. It was shown that co-spray drying whey protein with guar gum led to a reduction in instrumental friction, irrespective of changes in viscosity. These samples were perceived as significantly more mouthcoating and smooth when assessed by a trained sensory panel. Contrastingly, suspensions containing xanthan gum showed increased viscosity and enhanced shear thinning compared with whey protein, but no change in instrumental friction at higher sliding speeds. This may be a result of a larger particle size, representing increased aggregation in samples containing xanthan gum. There was no significant difference in mouthdrying or slipperiness perception between the suspensions. These findings suggest that the incorporation of guar gum has the capacity to reduce oral friction and impact mouthfeel in whey protein model beverages. This should be taken forward into temporal sensory trials to further investigate the effects of additional lubrication.