Air quality improvement at urban bus stops: Optimal air purification placement using CFD

IF 10.5 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Sustainable Cities and Society Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1016/j.scs.2024.105937

Yup Yoo , Junghwan Kim , Jaewon Lee , Hyungtae Cho

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) levels are often elevated near roadways due to vehicle emissions, while sulfur dioxide (SO₂) is predominantly found near petrochemical complexes as a result of industrial activities such as oil refining and chemical manufacturing. Considering the detrimental effects of these emissions on the environment and human health, the optimal placement of air purification systems at two bus stops in Ulsan, a heavily industrialized city in South Korea, was investigated in this study to reduce NO₂ and SO₂ concentrations. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed to identify strategic installation locations, resulting in a significant reduction in pollutant levels. The largest impact was noted for the Deokha Market bus stop, whereby the added health risk (AR) decreased by 1.93 % and the exposure reduction effectiveness (ERE), a measure of air purification system efficiency, increased by 13.8 %. Similarly, at the Hyomun Intersection bus stop, placing the system near the sidewalk led to a significant reduction in AR by 1.60 % and an increase in ERE by 11.63 %. Additionally, air purification systems at Ulsan bus stops are expected to reduce NO2 levels by 9.1 ppb, decreasing mortality risk by 1.44 %, saving 7 lives annually, and yielding an economic benefit of 33.06 million USD.

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改善城市公交站台的空气质量：利用 CFD 优化空气净化位置

由于汽车尾气的排放，道路附近的二氧化氮（NO2）含量经常升高，而由于炼油和化工生产等工业活动，石油化工综合体附近的二氧化硫（SO2）含量居高不下。考虑到这些排放物对环境和人类健康的不利影响，本研究调查了在韩国重工业城市蔚山的两个公交站点安装空气净化系统以降低二氧化氮和二氧化硫浓度的最佳方案。通过计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟，确定了最佳安装位置，从而显著降低了污染物水平。影响最大的是德化市场公交车站，增加的健康风险 (AR) 降低了 1.93%，衡量空气净化系统效率的暴露减少效果 (ERE) 提高了 13.8%。同样，在 Hyomun 十字路口公交车站，将空气净化系统安装在人行道附近，可显著降低 1.60% 的健康风险，提高 11.63% 的ERE。此外，蔚山公交车站的空气净化系统预计可将二氧化氮水平降低 9.1 ppb，将死亡风险降低 1.44 %，每年挽救 7 条生命，并产生 3306 万美元的经济效益。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sustainable Cities and Society Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development

CiteScore

22.00

自引率

13.70%

发文量

810

审稿时长

27 days

期刊介绍： Sustainable Cities and Society (SCS) is an international journal that focuses on fundamental and applied research to promote environmentally sustainable and socially resilient cities. The journal welcomes cross-cutting, multi-disciplinary research in various areas, including: 1. Smart cities and resilient environments; 2. Alternative/clean energy sources, energy distribution, distributed energy generation, and energy demand reduction/management; 3. Monitoring and improving air quality in built environment and cities (e.g., healthy built environment and air quality management); 4. Energy efficient, low/zero carbon, and green buildings/communities; 5. Climate change mitigation and adaptation in urban environments; 6. Green infrastructure and BMPs; 7. Environmental Footprint accounting and management; 8. Urban agriculture and forestry; 9. ICT, smart grid and intelligent infrastructure; 10. Urban design/planning, regulations, legislation, certification, economics, and policy; 11. Social aspects, impacts and resiliency of cities; 12. Behavior monitoring, analysis and change within urban communities; 13. Health monitoring and improvement; 14. Nexus issues related to sustainable cities and societies; 15. Smart city governance; 16. Decision Support Systems for trade-off and uncertainty analysis for improved management of cities and society; 17. Big data, machine learning, and artificial intelligence applications and case studies; 18. Critical infrastructure protection, including security, privacy, forensics, and reliability issues of cyber-physical systems. 19. Water footprint reduction and urban water distribution, harvesting, treatment, reuse and management; 20. Waste reduction and recycling; 21. Wastewater collection, treatment and recycling; 22. Smart, clean and healthy transportation systems and infrastructure;