Structural build-up of 3D printed earth by drying

IF 10.3 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

In recent years, the potential of earth materials in construction has emerged as a sustainable pathway, offering environmental benefits compared to traditional methods. When used in raw form, earth materials can be recycled at the end of a building life, reducing construction waste. In parallel, integrating additive manufacturing into the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sector has brought about a shift in construction dynamics, combining efficiency with precision. This paper bridges the study of 3D printing with earth-based fresh mortars, emphasising the capabilities of the “Forced Layer Drying” (FLD) technique in the additive manufacturing process to increase the mechanical performance of the printing mortar.
This paper begins by defining the requisite rheological properties for successful 3D printing. A chosen material for this paper is Speswhite kaolin. An instrumental aspect of our research is exploring an established model for the drying rate of saturated porous media, such as earth and concrete, and its application to predict the evaporation rate of saturated earth-based mortar in 3D printing with forced drying conditions. The Wind Tunnel experiment was conducted to validate this model, examining the interplay of airflow speed and temperature on the evaporation rate. Further deepening this study, the soil water content and undrained shear strength are correlated, specifically based on models derived from oedometer geotechnical standard tests. This facilitated a comprehensive understanding of porous earth-based materials in various moisture scenarios. Our findings confirm that airflow, temperature, and the geometry of the printed object play instrumental roles in affecting evaporation rate, consequent mechanical performance, and structural build-up of the material. The paper wraps up by offering insights into the practical application of 3D printing using earth-based mortars, with a special focus on FLD technique.
三维打印土的干燥结构构建
近年来,土质材料作为一种可持续的建筑材料,与传统方法相比具有环境效益。土质材料以原材料形式使用时,可在建筑寿命结束时回收利用,从而减少建筑垃圾。与此同时,将增材制造技术融入建筑、工程和施工(AEC)领域,也带来了建筑动态的转变,将效率与精确度结合起来。本文将三维打印与土基新砂浆的研究结合起来,强调了增材制造工艺中的 "强制层干燥"(FLD)技术在提高打印砂浆机械性能方面的能力。本文选择的材料是Speswhite高岭土。我们研究的一个重要方面是探索饱和多孔介质(如泥土和混凝土)干燥速率的既定模型,并将其应用于预测3D打印中强制干燥条件下饱和土基砂浆的蒸发速率。为验证该模型,还进行了风洞实验,研究气流速度和温度对蒸发率的相互影响。为了进一步深化这项研究,还特别根据土工标准测试得出的模型,对土壤含水量和排水剪切强度进行了相关分析。这有助于全面了解各种湿度情况下的多孔土基材料。我们的研究结果证实,气流、温度和印刷物体的几何形状在影响材料的蒸发率、机械性能和结构堆积方面起着重要作用。最后,本文对土基砂浆三维打印的实际应用提出了见解,并特别关注了 FLD 技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Additive manufacturing
Additive manufacturing Materials Science-General Materials Science
CiteScore
19.80
自引率
12.70%
发文量
648
审稿时长
35 days
期刊介绍: Additive Manufacturing stands as a peer-reviewed journal dedicated to delivering high-quality research papers and reviews in the field of additive manufacturing, serving both academia and industry leaders. The journal's objective is to recognize the innovative essence of additive manufacturing and its diverse applications, providing a comprehensive overview of current developments and future prospects. The transformative potential of additive manufacturing technologies in product design and manufacturing is poised to disrupt traditional approaches. In response to this paradigm shift, a distinctive and comprehensive publication outlet was essential. Additive Manufacturing fulfills this need, offering a platform for engineers, materials scientists, and practitioners across academia and various industries to document and share innovations in these evolving technologies.
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