Smart molecular designs and applications of activatable organic photosensitizers

IF 38.1 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Eleni Nestoros, Amit Sharma, Eunji Kim, Jong Seung Kim, Marc Vendrell
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) — which combines light, oxygen and photosensitizers (PS) to generate reactive oxygen species — has emerged as an effective approach for targeted ablation of pathogenic cells with reduced risk of inducing resistance. Some organic PS are now being applied for PDT in the clinic or undergoing evaluation in clinical trials. A limitation of the first-generation organic PS was their potential off-target toxicity. This shortcoming prompted the design of constructs that can be activated by the presence of specific biomolecules — from small biomolecules to large enzymes — in the target cells. Here, we review advances in the design and synthesis of activatable organic PS and their contribution to PDT in the past decade. Important areas of research include novel synthetic methodologies to engineer smart PS with tuneable singlet oxygen generation, their integration into larger constructs such as bioconjugates, and finally, representative examples of their translational potential as antimicrobial and anticancer therapies.

Abstract Image

可活化有机光敏剂的智能分子设计与应用
光动力疗法(PDT)结合了光、氧和光敏剂(PS)以产生活性氧,已成为靶向消融致病细胞的有效方法,并降低了诱发耐药性的风险。目前,一些有机 PS 已应用于临床或正在临床试验中进行评估。第一代有机 PS 的局限性在于其潜在的脱靶毒性。这一缺陷促使人们设计出可以通过靶细胞中存在的特定生物分子(从小分子到大分子酶)来激活的构建物。在此,我们回顾了过去十年中可活化有机 PS 的设计和合成方面的进展及其对 PDT 的贡献。重要的研究领域包括:采用新的合成方法设计可调节单线态氧生成的智能 PS、将其整合到生物共轭物等更大的构建体中,以及最后介绍其作为抗微生物和抗癌疗法的转化潜力的代表性实例。
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来源期刊
Nature reviews. Chemistry
Nature reviews. Chemistry Chemical Engineering-General Chemical Engineering
CiteScore
52.80
自引率
0.80%
发文量
88
期刊介绍: Nature Reviews Chemistry is an online-only journal that publishes Reviews, Perspectives, and Comments on various disciplines within chemistry. The Reviews aim to offer balanced and objective analyses of selected topics, providing clear descriptions of relevant scientific literature. The content is designed to be accessible to recent graduates in any chemistry-related discipline while also offering insights for principal investigators and industry-based research scientists. Additionally, Reviews should provide the authors' perspectives on future directions and opinions regarding the major challenges faced by researchers in the field.
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