Numerical investigation of three-dimensional effects of hydrodynamic cavitation in a Venturi tube

IF 8.7 1区化学 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107122

Dhruv Apte , Mingming Ge , Guangjian Zhang , Olivier Coutier-Delgosha

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Hydrodynamic Cavitation (HC) is a highly turbulent, unsteady, multi-phase flow that has been useful in many processing applications like wastewater treatment and process intensification and hence needs to be studied in detail. The aim of this study is to investigate the mechanisms driving HC inside a Venturi tube using numerical simulations. The numerical simulations are conducted in the form of both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) simulations using the Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) model database to simulate the cavitation–turbulence interplay, and the results are validated against high-fidelity experimental data. Initial 2D calculation results show that though URANS models are able to show unsteady cavitation, they are unable to reproduce the correct cavity morphology while the DES models reproduce the cavity morphology accurately. After extending to 3D simulations and the resulting vorticity budget analysis highlight the cavitation–vortex interactions and show the domination of velocity gradients and the growth and shrinking of the fluid element terms over the baroclinic torque for vortex production. Finally, localized scale comparisons are conducted to evaluate the model’s ability to simulate the cavitation–turbulence interaction. It is observed that the 3D DES simulations are able to predict accurately the cavitation–turbulence interaction on a localized scale for turbulence properties like Reynolds shear stress and Turbulent Kinetic Energy (TKE), emphasizing the 3D effects of turbulence and their influence on the cavitating flow. However, significant discrepancies continue to exist between the numerical simulations and experiments, near the throat where the numerical simulations predict a thinner cavity. Therefore, this study offers new insights on simulating HC and highlights the bottleneck between turbulence model development and accurate simulations of HC to provide a reference for improving modeling accuracy.

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文丘里管内流体动力空化三维效应的数值研究

流体动力空化（HC）是一种高度湍流、非稳定的多相流，在废水处理和工艺强化等许多加工应用中都非常有用，因此需要对其进行详细研究。本研究的目的是通过数值模拟研究文丘里管内碳氢化合物的驱动机制。数值模拟以二维（2D）和三维（3D）模拟的形式进行，使用分离涡模拟（DES）模型数据库来模拟空化-湍流的相互作用，并将结果与高保真实验数据进行验证。最初的二维计算结果表明，虽然 URANS 模型能够显示非稳态空化，但无法再现正确的空腔形态，而 DES 模型则能准确再现空腔形态。在扩展到三维模拟后，涡度预算分析突出了空化与涡流的相互作用，并表明速度梯度和流体元素项的增长和收缩比产生涡流的巴氏力矩更重要。最后，进行了局部尺度比较，以评估模型模拟空化-湍流相互作用的能力。结果表明，对于雷诺剪应力和湍流动能（TKE）等湍流特性，三维 DES 模拟能够在局部尺度上准确预测空化与湍流的相互作用，强调了湍流的三维效应及其对空化流的影响。然而，数值模拟和实验之间仍然存在巨大差异，在喉部附近，数值模拟预测的空腔更薄。因此，本研究为模拟碳氢化合物提供了新的见解，并强调了湍流模型开发与精确模拟碳氢化合物之间的瓶颈，为提高建模精度提供了参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

15.80

自引率

11.90%

发文量

361

审稿时长

59 days

期刊介绍： Ultrasonics Sonochemistry stands as a premier international journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality research articles primarily focusing on chemical reactions and reactors induced by ultrasonic waves, known as sonochemistry. Beyond chemical reactions, the journal also welcomes contributions related to cavitation-induced events and processing, including sonoluminescence, and the transformation of materials on chemical, physical, and biological levels. Since its inception in 1994, Ultrasonics Sonochemistry has consistently maintained a top ranking in the "Acoustics" category, reflecting its esteemed reputation in the field. The journal publishes exceptional papers covering various areas of ultrasonics and sonochemistry. Its contributions are highly regarded by both academia and industry stakeholders, demonstrating its relevance and impact in advancing research and innovation.