Review of the Hazards and Contraindications of Etomidate.

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY
Gaolin Zheng, Yinyu Chen, Guangmei Wu, Tao Song, Xing Zou, Qianyun Nie, Peng Zhang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Etomidate, an ultrashort-acting non-barbiturate sedative derived from imidazole, exerts potent inhibitory effects on the central nervous system. It is commonly employed for the induction of intravenous general anaesthesia or assisted anaesthesia. Recently, etomidate has emerged as an alternative to narcotics and novel psychoactive substances, leading to an increasing trend of abuse. Chronic overdose of etomidate can result in irreversible brain damage and various mental disorders. Severe cases may manifest as mental disturbances, behavioural disorders, self-mutilation and even death. The toxicological mechanisms of etomidate remain poorly understood. Additionally, there is limited information on the clinical symptoms and histopathological changes associated with etomidate poisoning and standardized detection methods for etomidate in blood, urine and hair are lacking. Consequently, further research on toxicological pathology and the development of reliable testing methods is crucial. This study reviews the metabolism, distribution, adverse reactions, poisoning manifestations, toxicology mechanisms and testing methods of etomidate.

回顾依托咪酯的危害和禁忌症。
依托咪酯是从咪唑中提取的一种超短效非巴比妥类镇静剂,对中枢神经系统具有强效抑制作用。它通常用于诱导静脉全身麻醉或辅助麻醉。最近,依托咪酯已成为麻醉剂和新型精神活性物质的替代品,导致其滥用趋势日益严重。长期过量使用依托咪酯可导致不可逆的脑损伤和各种精神障碍。严重病例可表现为精神紊乱、行为失常、自残甚至死亡。人们对依托咪酯的毒理机制仍然知之甚少。此外,与依托咪酯中毒相关的临床症状和组织病理学变化方面的信息也很有限,而且缺乏对血液、尿液和毛发中依托咪酯含量的标准化检测方法。因此,进一步研究毒理病理学和开发可靠的检测方法至关重要。本研究综述了依托咪酯的代谢、分布、不良反应、中毒表现、毒理机制和检测方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
4.50%
发文量
53
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Toxicology publishes timely, peer-reviewed papers on current topics important to toxicologists. Six bi-monthly issues cover a wide range of topics, including contemporary issues in toxicology, safety assessments, novel approaches to toxicological testing, mechanisms of toxicity, biomarkers, and risk assessment. The Journal also publishes invited reviews on contemporary topics, and features articles based on symposia. In addition, supplemental issues are routinely published on various special topics, including three supplements devoted to contributions from the Cosmetic Review Expert Panel.
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