DMI fungicide resistance in Zymoseptoria tritici is unlinked to geographical origin and genetic background: a case study in Europe.

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Pest Management Science Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1002/ps.8514

Eula Gems Oreiro, Berit Samils, Steven Kildea, Thies Heick, Pierre Hellin, Anne Legrève, Bernd Rodemann, Gunilla Berg, Lise N Jørgensen, Hanna Friberg, Anna Berlin, Jiasui Zhan, Björn Andersson

{"title":"DMI fungicide resistance in Zymoseptoria tritici is unlinked to geographical origin and genetic background: a case study in Europe.","authors":"Eula Gems Oreiro, Berit Samils, Steven Kildea, Thies Heick, Pierre Hellin, Anne Legrève, Bernd Rodemann, Gunilla Berg, Lise N Jørgensen, Hanna Friberg, Anna Berlin, Jiasui Zhan, Björn Andersson","doi":"10.1002/ps.8514","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: The hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici causing Septoria tritici blotch (STB), is a devastating foliar pathogen of wheat worldwide. A common group of fungicides used to control STB are the demethylation inhibitors (DMIs). DMI fungicides restrict fungal growth by inhibiting the sterol 14-α-demethylase, a protein encoded by CYP51 gene and essential for maintaining fungal cell permeability. However, the adaptation of Z. tritici populations in response to intensive and prolonged DMI usage has resulted in a gradual shift towards reduced sensitivity to this group of fungicides. In this study, 311 isolates were collected pre-treatment from nine wheat-growing regions in Europe in 2019. These isolates were analysed by high-throughput amplicon-based sequencing of nine housekeeping genes and the CYP51 gene.Results: Analyses based on housekeeping genes and the CYP51 gene revealed a lack of population structure in Z. tritici samples irrespective of geographical origin. Minimum spanning network (MSN) analysis showed clustering of multilocus genotypes (MLGs) based on CYP51 haplotypes, indicating an effect of selection due to DMI fungicide use. The majority of the haplotypes identified in this study have been reported previously. The diversity and frequencies of mutations varied across regions.Conclusion: Using a high-throughput amplicon-sequencing approach, we found several mutations in the CYP51 gene combined in different haplotypes that are likely to cause fungicide resistance. These mutations occurred irrespective of genetic background or geographical origin. Overall, these results contribute to the development of effective and sustainable risk monitoring for DMI fungicide resistance. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.","PeriodicalId":218,"journal":{"name":"Pest Management Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pest Management Science","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.8514","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRONOMY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici causing Septoria tritici blotch (STB), is a devastating foliar pathogen of wheat worldwide. A common group of fungicides used to control STB are the demethylation inhibitors (DMIs). DMI fungicides restrict fungal growth by inhibiting the sterol 14-α-demethylase, a protein encoded by CYP51 gene and essential for maintaining fungal cell permeability. However, the adaptation of Z. tritici populations in response to intensive and prolonged DMI usage has resulted in a gradual shift towards reduced sensitivity to this group of fungicides. In this study, 311 isolates were collected pre-treatment from nine wheat-growing regions in Europe in 2019. These isolates were analysed by high-throughput amplicon-based sequencing of nine housekeeping genes and the CYP51 gene.

Results: Analyses based on housekeeping genes and the CYP51 gene revealed a lack of population structure in Z. tritici samples irrespective of geographical origin. Minimum spanning network (MSN) analysis showed clustering of multilocus genotypes (MLGs) based on CYP51 haplotypes, indicating an effect of selection due to DMI fungicide use. The majority of the haplotypes identified in this study have been reported previously. The diversity and frequencies of mutations varied across regions.

Conclusion: Using a high-throughput amplicon-sequencing approach, we found several mutations in the CYP51 gene combined in different haplotypes that are likely to cause fungicide resistance. These mutations occurred irrespective of genetic background or geographical origin. Overall, these results contribute to the development of effective and sustainable risk monitoring for DMI fungicide resistance. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

查看原文本刊更多论文

Zymoseptoria tritici 对 DMI 杀菌剂的抗性与地理来源和遗传背景无关：欧洲的一项案例研究。

背景：由三尖杉半知菌（Zymoseptoria tritici）引起的三尖杉斑点病（STB）是全世界小麦的一种毁灭性叶面病原菌。脱甲基化抑制剂（DMI）是一类常用的杀菌剂，用于控制 STB。DMI 类杀菌剂通过抑制甾醇 14-α-demethylase 来限制真菌生长，而甾醇 14-α-demethylase 是一种由 CYP51 基因编码的蛋白质，对维持真菌细胞的渗透性至关重要。然而，三尖杉属真菌种群对密集和长期使用 DMI 的适应性导致其对这一类杀真菌剂的敏感性逐渐降低。在这项研究中，2019 年从欧洲九个小麦种植区收集了 311 个处理前分离物。对这些分离物进行了基于高通量扩增子测序的九个看家基因和 CYP51 基因分析：结果：基于看家基因和 CYP51 基因的分析表明，Z. tritici 样本中缺乏种群结构，与地理来源无关。最小跨度网络（MSN）分析显示，基于CYP51单倍型的多焦点基因型（MLGs）聚类，表明使用DMI杀真菌剂产生了选择效应。本研究中发现的大多数单倍型此前已有报道。不同地区的变异多样性和频率各不相同：利用高通量扩增序列方法，我们在 CYP51 基因中发现了几种突变，它们结合在不同的单倍型中，很可能会导致杀菌剂抗性。这些突变的发生与遗传背景或地理来源无关。总之，这些结果有助于开发有效、可持续的 DMI 杀菌剂抗性风险监测。© 2024 作者。病虫害管理科学》由 John Wiley & Sons Ltd 代表化学工业协会出版。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Pest Management Science 农林科学-昆虫学

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

9.80%

发文量

553

审稿时长

4.8 months

期刊介绍： Pest Management Science is the international journal of research and development in crop protection and pest control. Since its launch in 1970, the journal has become the premier forum for papers on the discovery, application, and impact on the environment of products and strategies designed for pest management. Published for SCI by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.