Landscape of respiratory syncytial virus.

IF 7.5 3区医学 Q1 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL

Chinese Medical Journal Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1097/CM9.0000000000003354

Yuping Duan, Zimeng Liu, Na Zang, Bingbing Cong, Yuqing Shi, Lili Xu, Mingyue Jiang, Peixin Wang, Jing Zou, Han Zhang, Ziheng Feng, Luzhao Feng, Lili Ren, Enmei Liu, You Li, Yan Zhang, Zhengde Xie

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Abstract

Abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus of the Orthopneumovirus genus of the Pneumoviridae family in the order Mononegavirales. RSV can cause acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections, sometimes with extrapulmonary complications. The disease burden of RSV infection is enormous, mainly affecting infants and older adults aged 75 years or above. Currently, treatment options for RSV are largely supportive. Prevention strategies remain a critical focus, with efforts centered on vaccine development and the use of prophylactic monoclonal antibodies. To date, three RSV vaccines have been approved for active immunization among individuals aged 60 and above. For children who are not eligible for these vaccines, passive immunization is recommended. A newly approved prophylactic monoclonal antibody, Nirsevimab, which offers enhanced neutralizing activity and an extended half-life, provides exceptional protection for high-risk infants and young children. This review provides a comprehensive and detailed exploration of RSV's virology, immunology, pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, treatment options, and prevention strategies.

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呼吸道合胞病毒的分布。

摘要：呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）是一种有包膜的阴性有义单链 RNA 病毒，属于单核病毒目肺炎病毒科正肺炎病毒属。RSV 可引起急性上呼吸道和下呼吸道感染，有时还伴有肺外并发症。RSV 感染造成的疾病负担巨大，主要影响婴儿和 75 岁或以上的老年人。目前，对 RSV 的治疗主要是支持性的。预防策略仍是关键重点，主要集中在疫苗开发和预防性单克隆抗体的使用上。迄今为止，已有三种 RSV 疫苗获准用于 60 岁及以上人群的主动免疫接种。对于不符合接种这些疫苗条件的儿童，建议进行被动免疫。新批准的预防性单克隆抗体 Nirsevimab 具有更强的中和活性和更长的半衰期，可为高危婴幼儿提供特殊保护。本综述全面详细地探讨了 RSV 的病毒学、免疫学、发病机制、流行病学、临床表现、治疗方案和预防策略。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Chinese Medical Journal 医学-医学：内科

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

4.90%

发文量

19245

审稿时长

6 months

期刊介绍： The Chinese Medical Journal (CMJ) is published semimonthly in English by the Chinese Medical Association, and is a peer reviewed general medical journal for all doctors, researchers, and health workers regardless of their medical specialty or type of employment. Established in 1887, it is the oldest medical periodical in China and is distributed worldwide. The journal functions as a window into China’s medical sciences and reflects the advances and progress in China’s medical sciences and technology. It serves the objective of international academic exchange. The journal includes Original Articles, Editorial, Review Articles, Medical Progress, Brief Reports, Case Reports, Viewpoint, Clinical Exchange, Letter,and News,etc. CMJ is abstracted or indexed in many databases including Biological Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts, Index Medicus/Medline, Science Citation Index (SCI), Current Contents, Cancerlit, Health Plan & Administration, Embase, Social Scisearch, Aidsline, Toxline, Biocommercial Abstracts, Arts and Humanities Search, Nuclear Science Abstracts, Water Resources Abstracts, Cab Abstracts, Occupation Safety & Health, etc. In 2007, the impact factor of the journal by SCI is 0.636, and the total citation is 2315.