Solvation and Interfacial Chemistry in Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes toward Rechargeable Lithium-metal Batteries

IF 12.7 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

ACS Central Science Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI:10.1039/d4ta05906a

Haifeng Tu, Keyang Peng, Jiangyan Xue, Jingjing Xu, Jiawei Zhao, Yuyue Guo, Suwan Lu, Zhicheng Wang, Hong Li, Liquan Chen, Xiaodong Wu

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Abstract

Rechargeable lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are highly promising technologies for high-energy-density storage systems due to the low electrochemical potential and high theoretical capacity of lithium metal anode. The electrolyte plays a pivotal role among the critical components of LMBs. However, traditional organic electrolytes pose significant safety risks and shorten battery life due to their electrochemical instability, volatility, and flammability. Alternatively, ionic liquids (ILs), composed of anions and cations, are room-temperature molten salts characterized by ultra-low volatility, high ionic conductivity, excellent thermal stability, low flammability, and wide electrochemical windows. Based on these properties, liquid IL electrolytes (ILEs) and polymeric IL electrolytes (PILEs) have shown immense potential in enhancing battery cycle stability, energy density, lifespan, and safety. This review aims to comprehensively explore and summarize recent applications of ILEs and PILEs in LMBs, including their use as liquid and solid-state electrolytes, as well as ILs serving as film-forming additives, interfacial wetting agents, and pretreatment reagents. Additionally, the review delves into the solvation structures of Li+ ions within different IL-based electrolytes and the resulting interfacial chemical characteristics. Finally, based on literature reports and our previous work, we identify current challenges and propose solutions for the future application of IL-based electrolytes in LMBs.

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离子液体电解质中的溶解和界面化学与可充电锂金属电池的关系

可充电锂金属电池（LMB）具有电化学电位低、锂金属负极理论容量高的特点，是一种非常有前途的高能量密度存储系统技术。在锂金属电池的关键部件中，电解质起着举足轻重的作用。然而，传统的有机电解质由于其电化学不稳定性、挥发性和易燃性，会带来极大的安全风险并缩短电池寿命。相反，由阴离子和阳离子组成的离子液体（IL）是一种室温熔盐，具有超低挥发性、高离子传导性、优异的热稳定性、低可燃性和宽电化学窗口等特点。基于这些特性，液态 IL 电解质（ILEs）和聚合物 IL 电解质（PILEs）在提高电池循环稳定性、能量密度、使用寿命和安全性方面显示出巨大的潜力。本综述旨在全面探讨和总结 ILEs 和 PILEs 在液态电池中的最新应用，包括用作液态和固态电解质，以及用作成膜添加剂、界面润湿剂和预处理试剂的 ILs。此外，本综述还深入探讨了 Li+ 离子在不同基于 IL 的电解质中的溶解结构以及由此产生的界面化学特性。最后，根据文献报告和我们以前的工作，我们确定了当前面临的挑战，并提出了未来在 LMB 中应用基于 IL 的电解质的解决方案。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACS Central Science Chemical Engineering-General Chemical Engineering

CiteScore

25.50

自引率

0.50%

发文量

194

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： ACS Central Science publishes significant primary reports on research in chemistry and allied fields where chemical approaches are pivotal. As the first fully open-access journal by the American Chemical Society, it covers compelling and important contributions to the broad chemistry and scientific community. "Central science," a term popularized nearly 40 years ago, emphasizes chemistry's central role in connecting physical and life sciences, and fundamental sciences with applied disciplines like medicine and engineering. The journal focuses on exceptional quality articles, addressing advances in fundamental chemistry and interdisciplinary research.