Diego Acosta-Alvear, Jonathan M. Harnoss, Peter Walter, Avi Ashkenazi
{"title":"Homeostasis control in health and disease by the unfolded protein response","authors":"Diego Acosta-Alvear, Jonathan M. Harnoss, Peter Walter, Avi Ashkenazi","doi":"10.1038/s41580-024-00794-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cells rely on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to fold and assemble newly synthesized transmembrane and secretory proteins — essential for cellular structure–function and for both intracellular and intercellular communication. To ensure the operative fidelity of the ER, eukaryotic cells leverage the unfolded protein response (UPR) — a stress-sensing and signalling network that maintains homeostasis by rebalancing the biosynthetic capacity of the ER according to need. The metazoan UPR can also redirect signalling from cytoprotective adaptation to programmed cell death if homeostasis restoration fails. As such, the UPR benefits multicellular organisms by preserving optimally functioning cells while removing damaged ones. Nevertheless, dysregulation of the UPR can be harmful. In this Review, we discuss the UPR and its regulatory processes as a paradigm in health and disease. We highlight important recent advances in molecular and mechanistic understanding of the UPR that enable greater precision in designing and developing innovative strategies to harness its potential for therapeutic gain. We underscore the rheostatic character of the UPR, its contextual nature and critical open questions for its further elucidation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19051,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":81.3000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41580-024-00794-0","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CELL BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Cells rely on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to fold and assemble newly synthesized transmembrane and secretory proteins — essential for cellular structure–function and for both intracellular and intercellular communication. To ensure the operative fidelity of the ER, eukaryotic cells leverage the unfolded protein response (UPR) — a stress-sensing and signalling network that maintains homeostasis by rebalancing the biosynthetic capacity of the ER according to need. The metazoan UPR can also redirect signalling from cytoprotective adaptation to programmed cell death if homeostasis restoration fails. As such, the UPR benefits multicellular organisms by preserving optimally functioning cells while removing damaged ones. Nevertheless, dysregulation of the UPR can be harmful. In this Review, we discuss the UPR and its regulatory processes as a paradigm in health and disease. We highlight important recent advances in molecular and mechanistic understanding of the UPR that enable greater precision in designing and developing innovative strategies to harness its potential for therapeutic gain. We underscore the rheostatic character of the UPR, its contextual nature and critical open questions for its further elucidation.
期刊介绍:
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology is a prestigious journal that aims to be the primary source of reviews and commentaries for the scientific communities it serves. The journal strives to publish articles that are authoritative, accessible, and enriched with easily understandable figures, tables, and other display items. The goal is to provide an unparalleled service to authors, referees, and readers, and the journal works diligently to maximize the usefulness and impact of each article. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology publishes a variety of article types, including Reviews, Perspectives, Comments, and Research Highlights, all of which are relevant to molecular and cell biologists. The journal's broad scope ensures that the articles it publishes reach the widest possible audience.