Utilization of Waste Cotton Fibers by Extracting Nanocellulose Crystals: A Study on Phosphoric Acid Method Compared with Sulfuric Acid Method and TEMPO Oxidation Method

IF 2.2 4区工程技术 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, TEXTILES

Fibers and Polymers Pub Date : 2024-10-20 DOI:10.1007/s12221-024-00733-y

Mohan Hou, Lifang Wang, Qiuyu Xu, Xuepeng Zhang, Xue Yang, Lei Zhang, Yun Bai, Yanyun Li, Lifang Liu

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Abstract

Waste cotton fibers are an ideal raw material for extracting nanocellulose crystals (CNCs), benefitting from their high cellulose content. In this study, the waste cotton fibers from the calendering finishing process were used to extract CNCs by sulfuric acid, TEMPO oxidation, and phosphoric acid methods, aiming to create a new way to reutilize the waste cotton fiber and also to verify the practicability that the phosphoric acid method can replace sulfuric acid and TEMPO oxidation methods. The CNCs obtained from the three methods are all in cellulose I state with an average length of 200-500nm and diameter of 15-20nm, indicating that the waste cotton fiber can extract CNCs. However, the CNCs from the phosphoric acid method showed the highest thermostability but the lowest crystallinity, while the ones from the sulfuric acid and TEMPO oxidation methods had higher crystallinity but lower thermal stability. Overall, the three methods are all acceptable for preparing CNCs, but the phosphoric acid method has more significant potential due to its low cost, environmental friendliness, and safety.

Graphical abstract

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通过提取纳米纤维素晶体利用废棉纤维：磷酸法与硫酸法和 TEMPO 氧化法的比较研究

废棉纤维纤维素含量高，是提取纳米纤维素晶体（CNC）的理想原料。本研究采用硫酸法、TEMPO 氧化法和磷酸法提取压延整理过程中产生的废棉纤维中的纳米纤维素晶体，旨在开创废棉纤维再利用的新途径，同时验证磷酸法替代硫酸法和 TEMPO 氧化法的实用性。三种方法得到的 CNC 均为纤维素 I 状态，平均长度为 200-500nm，直径为 15-20nm，表明废棉纤维可以提取 CNC。不过，磷酸法提取的 CNC 热稳定性最高，但结晶度最低；硫酸法和 TEMPO 氧化法提取的 CNC 结晶度较高，但热稳定性较低。总的来说，这三种方法都可用于制备 CNC，但磷酸法因其成本低、环保和安全而具有更大的潜力。

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来源期刊

Fibers and Polymers 工程技术-材料科学：纺织

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

8.00%

发文量

267

审稿时长

3.9 months

期刊介绍： -Chemistry of Fiber Materials, Polymer Reactions and Synthesis- Physical Properties of Fibers, Polymer Blends and Composites- Fiber Spinning and Textile Processing, Polymer Physics, Morphology- Colorants and Dyeing, Polymer Analysis and Characterization- Chemical Aftertreatment of Textiles, Polymer Processing and Rheology- Textile and Apparel Science, Functional Polymers