Indoor ozone reaction products: Contributors to the respiratory health effects associated with low-level outdoor ozone

IF 4.2 2区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Atmospheric Environment Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2024.120920

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Low-level outdoor ozone (O₃) exposure has been associated with adverse respiratory health effects, whereas substantially higher O₃ concentrations have been required to exert measurable effects in controlled studies. This discrepancy remains poorly understood. After entering indoors, a substantial portion of O₃ reacts with indoor chemicals to generate ozone reaction products that are potentially more toxic than O₃ itself. We hypothesize that ozone reaction product exposures contribute to the adverse respiratory effects associated with low-level outdoor O₃ exposure. In a panel study of 70 healthy adults, each was measured four times during a low-ozone season (maximum 8-h average: 29 ± 13 ppb). We found that higher average outdoor O₃ concentrations, irrespective of whether participants were outdoors or indoors, were significantly associated with worsened spirometric lung function (i.e., FVC, FEV₁, FEF_25-75) and airway mechanics (i.e., R₅, R₂₀) indicators. Per interquartile range (IQR) increase in average outdoor O₃ exposure when participants were indoors with windows closed (exposure proxy for ozone reaction products + indoor O₃) was significantly associated with worsening of multiple respiratory function indicators including FVC, FEV₁, FEF_25-75, Z₅, R₅, and R₂₀ by 0.56–3.08%. In contrast, per IQR increase in average outdoor O₃ exposure when participants were outdoors or indoors with windows open (exposure proxy for O₃ without ozone reaction products) was only significantly and adversely associated with worsening of one respiratory function indicator X₅ by 1.4%. These findings support our hypothesis and suggest further evaluation of indoor ozone reaction products' contribution to adverse health effects induced by outdoor O₃ exposure.

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室内臭氧反应产物：与低浓度室外臭氧有关的呼吸系统健康影响因素

暴露于低浓度的室外臭氧（O3）会对呼吸系统健康产生不良影响，而在对照研究中，需要更高浓度的 O3 才能产生可测量的影响。人们对这一差异仍然知之甚少。进入室内后，相当一部分臭氧会与室内化学品发生反应，生成可能比臭氧本身毒性更强的臭氧反应产物。我们假设，臭氧反应产物的暴露会导致与低浓度室外臭氧暴露相关的呼吸系统不良反应。在一项由 70 名健康成年人组成的小组研究中，我们在低臭氧季节对每个人进行了四次测量（8 小时最大平均值：29 ± 13 ppb）。我们发现，无论参与者是在室外还是在室内，较高的室外臭氧平均浓度都与肺功能（即 FVC、FEV1、FEF25-75）和气道力学（即 R5、R20）指标的恶化密切相关。参与者在室内关窗时，室外 O3 平均暴露量（臭氧反应产物+室内 O3 暴露量）每增加一个四分位数间距（IQR），与多个呼吸功能指标（包括 FVC、FEV1、FEF25-75、Z5、R5 和 R20）恶化 0.56%-3.08% 显著相关。相比之下，参与者在室外或室内开窗时的室外 O3 平均暴露量（不含臭氧反应产物的 O3 暴露替代物）每增加一个 IQR 值，仅与一项呼吸功能指标 X5 的恶化有显著的不利关系，恶化幅度为 1.4%。这些发现支持了我们的假设，并建议进一步评估室内臭氧反应产物对室外臭氧暴露所引起的不良健康影响的贡献。

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来源期刊

Atmospheric Environment 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

9.40

自引率

8.00%

发文量

458

审稿时长

53 days

期刊介绍： Atmospheric Environment has an open access mirror journal Atmospheric Environment: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. Atmospheric Environment is the international journal for scientists in different disciplines related to atmospheric composition and its impacts. The journal publishes scientific articles with atmospheric relevance of emissions and depositions of gaseous and particulate compounds, chemical processes and physical effects in the atmosphere, as well as impacts of the changing atmospheric composition on human health, air quality, climate change, and ecosystems.