Assessment of Groundwater Quality and Nitrate Related Risks to Human Health: A Case of Angads Plain, Morocco

IF 3.8 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI:10.1007/s11270-024-07605-4

Oualid Boukich, Rihab Ben-tahar, Elkhadir Gharibi, Bouchra El guerrouj, Youssef Smiri

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Abstract

This study aims to assess groundwater quality and the human health risks associated with nitrate contamination using a human health risk assessment model. 45 groundwater samples were collected in 2016 and 2023 in the Angads aquifer. According to the findings, the groundwater was brackish (TDS > 1000 mg/L), extremely hard (TH > 450 mg/L CaCO₃), and contained ions in the sequence Na⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺ > K⁺ > NH₄⁺ for cations, and Cl⁻ > HCO₃⁻ > SO₄²⁻ > NO₃⁻ for anions. The TH-TDS graph and the groundwater quality index (GWQI) show that the majority of samples are unfit for consumption. Based on NO₃⁻ concentrations most often observed in the south of the research area, where many activities are likely to be sources of nitrates, the human health risk assessment reveals high non-carcinogenic risks for people living in the region, particularly for infants (71.1% on 2016 and 93.3% on 2023). Consumption of groundwater contaminated with nitrates over a long period could present a potential risk to human health.

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评估地下水质量和与硝酸盐有关的人类健康风险：摩洛哥安加德平原案例

本研究旨在利用人类健康风险评估模型评估地下水质量以及与硝酸盐污染相关的人类健康风险。研究人员于 2016 年和 2023 年在安加德含水层采集了 45 个地下水样本。根据研究结果，地下水为咸水（TDS > 1000 mg/L），硬度极高（TH > 450 mg/L CaCO3），阳离子含有 Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+ > NH4+，阴离子含有 Cl- > HCO3- > SO42- > NO3-。TH-TDS 图和地下水质量指数 (GWQI) 显示，大多数样本不适合饮用。研究区南部的许多活动都可能是硝酸盐的来源，根据在该地区最常观察到的 NO3- 浓度，人类健康风险评估显示，该地区居民，尤其是婴儿的非致癌风险很高（2016 年为 71.1%，2023 年为 93.3%）。长期饮用受硝酸盐污染的地下水会对人类健康造成潜在风险。

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来源期刊

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution 环境科学-环境科学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.90%

发文量

448

审稿时长

2.6 months

期刊介绍： Water, Air, & Soil Pollution is an international, interdisciplinary journal on all aspects of pollution and solutions to pollution in the biosphere. This includes chemical, physical and biological processes affecting flora, fauna, water, air and soil in relation to environmental pollution. Because of its scope, the subject areas are diverse and include all aspects of pollution sources, transport, deposition, accumulation, acid precipitation, atmospheric pollution, metals, aquatic pollution including marine pollution and ground water, waste water, pesticides, soil pollution, sewage, sediment pollution, forestry pollution, effects of pollutants on humans, vegetation, fish, aquatic species, micro-organisms, and animals, environmental and molecular toxicology applied to pollution research, biosensors, global and climate change, ecological implications of pollution and pollution models. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution also publishes manuscripts on novel methods used in the study of environmental pollutants, environmental toxicology, environmental biology, novel environmental engineering related to pollution, biodiversity as influenced by pollution, novel environmental biotechnology as applied to pollution (e.g. bioremediation), environmental modelling and biorestoration of polluted environments. Articles should not be submitted that are of local interest only and do not advance international knowledge in environmental pollution and solutions to pollution. Articles that simply replicate known knowledge or techniques while researching a local pollution problem will normally be rejected without review. Submitted articles must have up-to-date references, employ the correct experimental replication and statistical analysis, where needed and contain a significant contribution to new knowledge. The publishing and editorial team sincerely appreciate your cooperation. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution publishes research papers; review articles; mini-reviews; and book reviews.