An efficient, high-yield synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from red macroalgae (Eucheuma cottonii) using HCl/AlCl3 as the catalyst

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI:10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107453

Angela Martina , Henk H.van de Bovenkamp , Jozef G.M. Winkelman , Inge W. Noordergraaf , Francesco Picchioni , Hero J. Heeres

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Macroalgae are attractive feeds for biobased platform chemicals like 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid (LA). We here report an experimental study to obtain HMF from a representative red macroalgae using a biphasic water/MIBK system and a dual catalyst consisting of HCl and AlCl₃ in a batch set-up. The highest HMF yield was 64.0 mol% based on C6 sugars in the feed, corresponding with a carbon yield of 37.9 % (30 min, 153 °C, 0.04 M of AlCl₃ and 0.04 M of HCl, 5 wt% macroalgae (Eucheuma cottonii, EC), intake on water). A reaction network is proposed based on major and minor products identified in the liquid phase during reaction and involves both D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-D-galactose. The experimental data were modeled using a statistical approach, and good agreement between the experimental results and the model was obtained. The model predicts that particularly the temperature has a significant effect on HMF yield. The data were also modeled using an appropriate kinetic model and the kinetic model was used to optimize the batch processing of EC.

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以 HCl/AlCl3 为催化剂，从红色巨藻（Eucheuma cottonii）中高效、高产合成 5-羟甲基糠醛

大型藻类是具有吸引力的生物基平台化学品（如 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) 和 levulinic acid (LA)）原料。我们在此报告了一项实验研究，该研究采用双相水/MIBK 系统以及由 HCl 和 AlCl3 组成的双催化剂，从具有代表性的红色大型藻类中批量获得 HMF。基于进料中的 C6 糖，最高的 HMF 收率为 64.0 摩尔%，相当于 37.9 % 的碳收率（30 分钟，153 °C，0.04 M 的 AlCl3 和 0.04 M 的 HCl，5 wt% 的大型藻类（Eucheuma cottonii，EC），摄入水）。根据反应过程中液相中发现的主要和次要产物，提出了涉及 D-半乳糖和 3,6-脱水-D-半乳糖的反应网络。使用统计方法对实验数据进行了建模，实验结果与模型之间获得了良好的一致性。根据模型预测，温度对 HMF 产量有显著影响。还利用适当的动力学模型对数据进行了建模，并利用动力学模型对 EC 的批量处理进行了优化。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Biomass & Bioenergy 工程技术-能源与燃料

CiteScore

11.50

自引率

3.30%

发文量

258

审稿时长

60 days

期刊介绍： Biomass & Bioenergy is an international journal publishing original research papers and short communications, review articles and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials. The scope of the journal extends to the environmental, management and economic aspects of biomass and bioenergy. Key areas covered by the journal: • Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation. • Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar etc), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation which are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal, as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (ie well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address ''new'' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal. • Bioenergy Processes: fermentations, thermochemical conversions, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes • Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation • Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.