The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of WC-cu-10Ni-5Mn-3Sn cemented carbides containing NbC prepared by pressureless melt infiltration
IF 4.2 2区 材料科学Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
{"title":"The microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of WC-cu-10Ni-5Mn-3Sn cemented carbides containing NbC prepared by pressureless melt infiltration","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106929","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>WC-based cemented carbides with different contents of NbC (0, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 wt%) are prepared via pressureless melt infiltration at 1200 °C for 1.5 h. Microstructure evolution regularity of WC-based cemented carbide is investigated to establish the effect of NbC addition and microstructure peculiarities on mechanical properties (flexural strength, hardness, and impact toughness) of final product. Experimental results reveal that NbC firstly dissolves in binder alloy during melt infiltration, which slows down dissolution-precipitation reaction of WC, thus refining WC grains. With the increase in NbC content, average WC grain size shows varying trend, achieving the minimum (3.779 μm) at NbC addition of 1 wt%. When NbC is added in smaller amounts, Nb is mainly distributed throughout binder alloy. With the increase in NbC content, Nb elements tend to form aggregates and attach to WC particle boundaries. Some WC and NbC also decompose under experimental conditions. At NbC addition greater than 1 wt%, decomposition products (Nb, W, and C) combine with other elements in binder phase to form new phases such as (Nb,W)C, Ni<sub>2</sub>W<sub>4</sub>C, Nb<sub>2</sub>C, and Nb<sub>4</sub>Ni<sub>2</sub>C. These phases further act as bridges for WC grain coarsening. Meanwhile, excessive NbC is detrimental to mechanical properties of the alloy. With the increase in NbC content, hardness and flexural strength of the alloy increase and then decrease, reaching the maximum values of 93.4 HRA and 1808.786 MPa, respectively, at 1 wt% NbC addition. In turn, impact toughness of the alloy shows consistently downward trend. Therefore, changes in mechanical properties of WC-based cemented carbides are mainly related to WC grain size, the appearance of new phases in binder phase, and their morphology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263436824003779","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
WC-based cemented carbides with different contents of NbC (0, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, and 1.4 wt%) are prepared via pressureless melt infiltration at 1200 °C for 1.5 h. Microstructure evolution regularity of WC-based cemented carbide is investigated to establish the effect of NbC addition and microstructure peculiarities on mechanical properties (flexural strength, hardness, and impact toughness) of final product. Experimental results reveal that NbC firstly dissolves in binder alloy during melt infiltration, which slows down dissolution-precipitation reaction of WC, thus refining WC grains. With the increase in NbC content, average WC grain size shows varying trend, achieving the minimum (3.779 μm) at NbC addition of 1 wt%. When NbC is added in smaller amounts, Nb is mainly distributed throughout binder alloy. With the increase in NbC content, Nb elements tend to form aggregates and attach to WC particle boundaries. Some WC and NbC also decompose under experimental conditions. At NbC addition greater than 1 wt%, decomposition products (Nb, W, and C) combine with other elements in binder phase to form new phases such as (Nb,W)C, Ni2W4C, Nb2C, and Nb4Ni2C. These phases further act as bridges for WC grain coarsening. Meanwhile, excessive NbC is detrimental to mechanical properties of the alloy. With the increase in NbC content, hardness and flexural strength of the alloy increase and then decrease, reaching the maximum values of 93.4 HRA and 1808.786 MPa, respectively, at 1 wt% NbC addition. In turn, impact toughness of the alloy shows consistently downward trend. Therefore, changes in mechanical properties of WC-based cemented carbides are mainly related to WC grain size, the appearance of new phases in binder phase, and their morphology.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials (IJRMHM) publishes original research articles concerned with all aspects of refractory metals and hard materials. Refractory metals are defined as metals with melting points higher than 1800 °C. These are tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, tantalum, niobium, hafnium, and rhenium, as well as many compounds and alloys based thereupon. Hard materials that are included in the scope of this journal are defined as materials with hardness values higher than 1000 kg/mm2, primarily intended for applications as manufacturing tools or wear resistant components in mechanical systems. Thus they encompass carbides, nitrides and borides of metals, and related compounds. A special focus of this journal is put on the family of hardmetals, which is also known as cemented tungsten carbide, and cermets which are based on titanium carbide and carbonitrides with or without a metal binder. Ceramics and superhard materials including diamond and cubic boron nitride may also be accepted provided the subject material is presented as hard materials as defined above.