Identification and characterization of a novel Pavlovskyella (Acari: Argasidae) from Chile, parasite of the culpeo fox (Lycalopex culpaeus).

Sebastián Muñoz-Leal, Alexander R Kneubehl, Karen Ardiles, Catalina Parragué-Migone, Ignacio Troncoso-Toro, Pablo Oyarzún-Ruiz, Job E Lopez
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Abstract

Soft ticks (Argasidae) of the subgenus Pavlovskyella Pospelova-Shtrom are worldwide distributed parasites of medical importance. However, the systematics of the subgenus are currently under debate because genetic data shows that the group is paraphyletic. Meanwhile, species of Pavlovskyella continue to be discovered. In this study a novel species of the subgenus is described from specimens collected on a fox in central Chile. The larva of this new species differentiates from other Pavlovskyella spp. by having the following combination of characters: subpyriform dorsal plate; 15 pairs of setae, 7 anterolateral, 3 central, and 5 posterolateral, and hypostome with denticles in the distal third. Nymphs and adults of the species lack cheeks, eyes or bulging structures on the flank, but exhibit dorsoventral grooves, and humps on tarsi I, II, and III. Moreover, a patch of glabrous integument appears on the distal portion of coxal folds. A phylogenetic analysis using the mitogenome indicates a monophyletic group composed by Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) brasiliensis Aragão, Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) furcosus Neumann, Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) improvisus Muñoz-Leal & Venzal, and Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) rostratus Aragão. Interestingly, a phylogeny using 18S-28S rDNA sequences shows that South American Pavlovskyella spp. are paraphyletic, as depicted in previous studies. Adding species of the subgenus from the Neotropical region to phylogenetic analyses could aid to solve this paraphyly. Furthermore, this is the fifth species of Pavlovskyella described in South America, and the second in Chile.

来自智利的新型 Pavlovskyella(蛔虫:蛔虫科)的鉴定和特征描述,它是 culpeo 狐(Lycalopex culpaeus)的寄生虫。
Pospelova-Shtrom Pavlovskyella 亚属的软蜱(Argasidae)是分布于世界各地的寄生虫,具有重要的医学价值。然而,该亚属的系统学目前还在争论之中,因为遗传数据显示该类属于旁系。与此同时,Pavlovskyella 的物种不断被发现。本研究从智利中部一只狐狸身上采集的标本中描述了该亚属的一个新物种。该新种的幼虫与其他 Pavlovskyella 种类的区别在于其具有以下特征组合:近梨形的背板;15 对刚毛(7 对前外侧刚毛、3 对中央刚毛和 5 对后外侧刚毛),下体远端三分之一处有小齿。该物种的若虫和成虫没有颊、眼或侧面的隆起结构,但在跗节 I、II 和 III 上有背腹沟和驼峰。此外,在跗节皱褶的远端还出现了一块无毛的皮膜。利用有丝分裂基因组进行的系统发生分析表明,Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) brasiliensis Aragão、Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) furcosus Neumann、Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) improvisus Muñoz-Leal & Venzal 和 Ornithodoros (Pavlovskyella) rostratus Aragão 组成了一个单系群。有趣的是,利用 18S-28S rDNA 序列进行的系统发育显示,南美洲的 Pavlovskyella spp.在系统进化分析中加入来自新热带地区的亚属物种可能有助于解决这一假系统问题。此外,这是第五个在南美洲描述的 Pavlovskyella 物种,也是第二个在智利描述的 Pavlovskyella 物种。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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