The HMGBa-HSP70-ATF4-β Axis Restricts White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection in Crayfish.

IF 3.6 3区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY
Xiao-Tong Cao, Yan Liu, Jie-Jie Sun, Shi-Jin Jiang, Jiang-Feng Lan
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Envelope viruses are the most threatening pathogens to eukaryotes. The search for target genes against envelope viruses is particularly important. The activating transcription factors (ATFs) regulate cancer proliferation, maintain cellular redox homeostasis, extend biological longevity, and respond to viral stimuli. However, the mechanism of ATF antiviral immunity, especially envelope viruses, is rarely reported. Two ATF4 homologs (ATF4-α and ATF4-β) with a difference of one β sheet (7 amino acids) were identified in crayfish. Further studies showed that ATF4-β was activated and significantly translocated into the nucleus after envelope virus white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. During WSSV infection, the host may recognize WSSV in some way (such as HMGBa recognizing WSSV by interacting with WSSV/VP28) and transmits the signal to cell, and then HMGBa, HSP70, and ATF4-β interact with each other in the cytoplasm and promote nuclear translocation of ATF4-β. ATF4-β entered the nucleus to initiate the transcription of ATF4 and ALFs. In addition, ALF1 could bind to VP28 to inhibit virus assembly in the nucleus and reinfection. This study elucidated a novel mechanism of ATF4-β in antienvelope virus immune responses, and ATF4 may be a potential target for disease prevention and control.

HMGBa-HSP70-ATF4-β轴限制螯虾感染白斑综合征病毒
包膜病毒是对真核生物威胁最大的病原体。寻找抗包膜病毒的靶基因尤为重要。激活转录因子(ATF)可调节癌症增殖,维持细胞氧化还原平衡,延长生物寿命,并对病毒刺激做出反应。然而,ATF 抗病毒免疫(尤其是包膜病毒)的机制却鲜有报道。在小龙虾中发现了两种 ATF4 同源物(ATF4-α 和 ATF4-β),它们之间有一个 β 片(7 个氨基酸)的差异。进一步的研究表明,包膜病毒白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)感染小龙虾后,ATF4-β被激活并显著转位到细胞核中。在WSSV感染过程中,宿主可能通过某种方式识别WSSV(如HMGBa通过与WSSV/VP28相互作用识别WSSV)并将信号传递给细胞,然后HMGBa、HSP70和ATF4-β在细胞质中相互作用,促进ATF4-β的核转位。ATF4-β 进入细胞核后启动 ATF4 和 ALFs 的转录。此外,ALF1还能与VP28结合,抑制病毒在细胞核中的组装和再感染。这项研究阐明了ATF4-β在抗包虫病病毒免疫反应中的新机制,ATF4可能是疾病防治的潜在靶点。
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来源期刊
Journal of immunology
Journal of immunology 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
2.30%
发文量
495
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The JI publishes novel, peer-reviewed findings in all areas of experimental immunology, including innate and adaptive immunity, inflammation, host defense, clinical immunology, autoimmunity and more. Special sections include Cutting Edge articles, Brief Reviews and Pillars of Immunology. The JI is published by The American Association of Immunologists (AAI)
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