Default at fault? Exploring neural correlates of default mode network in children with ADHD, their unaffected siblings versus neurotypical controls: A quantitative EEG study

IF 3.8 4区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Asian journal of psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI:10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104291

Chaithanya Leon , Simran Kaur , Rajesh Sagar , Prashant Tayade , Ratna Sharma

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Sustained activation of default mode network has been implicated for momentary lapses of attention and higher errors during performance of cognitive tasks in attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) children. Despite emerging evidence indicating the genetic basis of ADHD, there is paucity of literature investigating the alteration of DMN in children with ADHD and their unaffected siblings.

Aim

To study the cortical sources of DMN in children with ADHD compared to their siblings and neurotypical controls.

Methods

Eighty-six participants (35 ADHD (12.4(±2.7) years), 16 unaffected siblings (11.8(±4.3) years) and 35 matched neurotypical controls (12.6 (±3.6) years) participated in the study. 128 channel EEG data was acquired during rest and Stroop cognitive task and analyzed for cortical source estimation using LORETA software.

Results

Higher activation of DMN and DMN associated areas were observed during encoding of the color-word stimuli in children with ADHD. Sustained activation of core DMN areas namely medial frontal gyrus, posterior cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule was observed across all groups. Among the three groups, distinct cortical source activation differences were identified solely in the DMN and its associated areas among children with ADHD during the task encoding phase compared to baseline. In contrast, both siblings and neurotypical controls displayed activation in fronto-parieto-temporal areas subserving executive function were also observed.

Conclusion

Sustained activity of DMN areas with minimal activity in executive network in ADHD children and unaffected siblings during encoding of stimulus implies potential endophenotypic marker in children with ADHD compared to neurotypical controls.

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默认模式有问题？探索多动症儿童及其未受影响的兄弟姐妹与神经典型对照组默认模式网络的神经相关性：脑电图定量研究。

背景：默认模式网络的持续激活被认为与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童在完成认知任务过程中的瞬间注意力缺失和较高错误率有关。尽管有新的证据表明ADHD有遗传基础，但研究ADHD儿童及其未受影响的兄弟姐妹的DMN改变的文献却很少。目的：研究ADHD儿童与他们的兄弟姐妹和神经典型对照组相比的DMN皮层来源：86名参与者（35名多动症儿童（12.4（±2.7）岁）、16名未受影响的兄弟姐妹（11.8（±4.3）岁）和35名匹配的神经典型对照组儿童（12.6（±3.6）岁）参加了研究。研究人员采集了128个通道的静息和Stroop认知任务时的脑电图数据，并使用LORETA软件进行皮层源估算分析：结果：在对颜色-文字刺激进行编码时，观察到多动症儿童的DMN和DMN相关区域的激活程度较高。在所有组别中都观察到了DMN核心区域（即额叶内侧回、扣带回后部、海马旁回和顶叶下部）的持续激活。在三个组别中，与基线相比，多动症儿童在任务编码阶段仅在 DMN 及其相关区域发现了明显的皮质源激活差异。相比之下，同胞兄弟姐妹和神经典型对照组的前颞区辅助执行功能的区域也出现了激活：结论：与神经典型对照组相比，多动症儿童和未受影响的兄弟姐妹在刺激编码期间DMN区域持续活跃，而执行网络的活动极少，这意味着多动症儿童存在潜在的内表型标记。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Asian journal of psychiatry Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health

CiteScore

12.70

自引率

5.30%

发文量

297

审稿时长

35 days

期刊介绍： The Asian Journal of Psychiatry serves as a comprehensive resource for psychiatrists, mental health clinicians, neurologists, physicians, mental health students, and policymakers. Its goal is to facilitate the exchange of research findings and clinical practices between Asia and the global community. The journal focuses on psychiatric research relevant to Asia, covering preclinical, clinical, service system, and policy development topics. It also highlights the socio-cultural diversity of the region in relation to mental health.