Hypoxia stress: plant's sensing, responses, and tolerance mechanisms.

IF 5.8 3区 环境科学与生态学 0 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Farwa Basit, Muhammad Khalid, Ali El-Keblawy, Mohamed S Sheteiwy, Saad Sulieman, Izabela Josko, Faisal Zulfiqar
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Oxygen (O2) is an inhibiting factor for plant growth and development in submerged and flooding environments. Plants experience different O2 concentrations, such as normoxia, hypoxia, and anoxia, which can change over space and time. Plants have evolved various morphological, physiological, and biochemical adaptations to withstand low O2 stress, many of which have been well investigated. This review provides a detailed analysis of how plants respond to hypoxia, a significant stress factor primarily caused by flooding. Hypoxia affects plants at various cellular, developmental, and environmental levels. This review highlights genetic, molecular, and metabolic adaptations crops employ to cope with O2 deficiency. The roles of various transcription factors (TFs) and gene regulation mechanisms in enabling plants to modulate their physiological responses under hypoxic conditions are notable. The review also identifies a significant gap in research on plant responses during reoxygenation, the phase of returning to normal O2 levels, especially under natural lighting conditions. This transition poses ROS generation and photoinhibition challenges, affecting plant recovery post-hypoxia. We discuss various strategies to enhance plant hypoxia tolerance, including traditional breeding, genetic modification, and grafting techniques. It emphasizes integrating these approaches with a comprehensive understanding of hypoxia sensing and response mechanisms. We underscore the complexity of plant adaptations to hypoxia and the need for continued research in this field, especially in the face of global climate change. This is vital for developing sustainable agricultural practices and ensuring future food security.

缺氧胁迫:植物的感应、反应和耐受机制
氧气(O2)是植物在浸水和洪水环境中生长发育的抑制因子。植物会经历不同的氧气浓度,如常氧、缺氧和缺氧,这些浓度会随着时间和空间的变化而变化。植物进化出了各种形态、生理和生化适应能力,以抵御低氧气胁迫,其中许多适应能力已经得到了很好的研究。本综述详细分析了植物如何应对缺氧这一主要由洪水造成的重要胁迫因素。缺氧在不同的细胞、发育和环境水平上对植物产生影响。本综述重点介绍了农作物为应对氧气缺乏而采取的遗传、分子和代谢适应措施。各种转录因子(TFs)和基因调控机制在使植物能够调节缺氧条件下的生理反应方面的作用值得关注。该综述还指出了植物在复氧期间(即恢复正常氧气水平的阶段,尤其是在自然光照条件下)的反应研究中存在的重大空白。这一过渡阶段会产生 ROS 和光抑制,影响缺氧后植物的恢复。我们讨论了增强植物耐缺氧能力的各种策略,包括传统育种、基因改造和嫁接技术。它强调将这些方法与对缺氧感知和响应机制的全面了解相结合。我们强调植物适应缺氧的复杂性以及在这一领域继续开展研究的必要性,尤其是在全球气候变化的情况下。这对发展可持续农业实践和确保未来粮食安全至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.70
自引率
17.20%
发文量
6549
审稿时长
3.8 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Science and Pollution Research (ESPR) serves the international community in all areas of Environmental Science and related subjects with emphasis on chemical compounds. This includes: - Terrestrial Biology and Ecology - Aquatic Biology and Ecology - Atmospheric Chemistry - Environmental Microbiology/Biobased Energy Sources - Phytoremediation and Ecosystem Restoration - Environmental Analyses and Monitoring - Assessment of Risks and Interactions of Pollutants in the Environment - Conservation Biology and Sustainable Agriculture - Impact of Chemicals/Pollutants on Human and Animal Health It reports from a broad interdisciplinary outlook.
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