Emerging investigator series: open dumping and burning: an overlooked source of terrestrial microplastics in underserved communities.

IF 4.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL
Kendra Z Hess, Kyle R Forsythe, Xuewen Wang, Andrea Arredondo-Navarro, Gwen Tipling, Jesse Jones, Melissa Mata, Victoria Hughes, Christine Martin, John Doyle, Justin Scott, Matteo Minghetti, Andrea Jilling, José M Cerrato, Eliane El Hayek, Jorge Gonzalez-Estrella
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Abstract

Open dumping and burning of solid waste are widely practiced in underserved communities lacking access to solid waste management facilities; however, the generation of microplastics from these sites has been overlooked. We report elevated concentrations of microplastics (MPs) in soil of three solid waste open dump and burn sites: a single-family site in Tuttle, Oklahoma, USA, and two community-wide sites in Crow Agency and Lodge Grass, Montana, USA. We extracted, quantified, and characterized MPs from two soil depths (0-9 cm and 9-18 cm). The average of abundance of particles found at community-wide sites three sites (18, 460 particles kg-1 soil) equals or exceeds reported concentrations from currently understood sources of MPs including biosolids application and other agricultural practices. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared (ATR-FTIR) identified polyethylene as the dominant polymer across all sites (46.2-84.8%). We also detected rayon (≤11.5%), polystyrene (up to 11.5%), polyethylene terephthalate (≤5.1), polyvinyl chloride (≤4.4%), polyester (≤3.1), and acrylic (≤2.2%). Burned MPs accounted for 76.3 to 96.9% of the MPs found in both community wide dumping sites. These results indicate that solid waste dumping and burning activities are a major source of thermally oxidized MPs for the surrounding terrestrial environment with potential to negatively affect underserved communities.

新晋调查员系列:露天倾倒和焚烧:服务不足社区中被忽视的陆地微塑料来源。
露天倾倒和焚烧固体废物的做法在缺乏固体废物管理设施、服务不足的社区非常普遍;然而,这些场所产生的微塑料却一直被忽视。我们报告了三个固体废弃物露天倾倒和焚烧点土壤中微塑料(MPs)浓度升高的情况:一个位于美国俄克拉荷马州塔特尔的单户住宅区,以及位于美国蒙大拿州克罗机构和洛奇草地的两个社区范围内的场地。我们从两个土壤深度(0-9 厘米和 9-18 厘米)提取、量化和表征了 MPs。在整个社区的三个地点发现的颗粒丰度平均值(18,460 颗粒 kg-1 土壤)等于或超过了目前已知的 MPs 来源(包括生物固体的施用和其他农业实践)的报告浓度。衰减全反射傅立叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)确定聚乙烯是所有地点的主要聚合物(46.2-84.8%)。我们还检测到人造丝(≤11.5%)、聚苯乙烯(高达 11.5%)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(≤5.1)、聚氯乙烯(≤4.4%)、聚酯(≤3.1)和丙烯酸(≤2.2%)。在两个社区范围内的倾倒地点发现的多孔塑料中,焚烧过的多孔塑料占 76.3% 至 96.9%。这些结果表明,固体废物倾倒和焚烧活动是周围陆地环境中热氧化多金属化合物的主要来源,有可能对服务不足的社区产生负面影响。
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来源期刊
Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL-ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
3.60%
发文量
202
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts publishes high quality papers in all areas of the environmental chemical sciences, including chemistry of the air, water, soil and sediment. We welcome studies on the environmental fate and effects of anthropogenic and naturally occurring contaminants, both chemical and microbiological, as well as related natural element cycling processes.
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