Effects of Vegan and Omnivore Diet on Post-Downhill Running Economy and Muscle Function.

IF 6.8 4区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Ecaterina Vasenina, Danielle A Sterner, L Colby Mangum, Jeffrey R Stout, David H Fukuda
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Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this study was to examine the difference between the extent of muscle damaging exercise on muscle function variables of vegans and omnivores.

Methods: Twenty recreationally trained participants completed the study. Participants were assigned to either vegan (n = 10) or omnivore (n = 10) groups. Subjects completed a consent visit followed by 2 visits consisting of running exercise sessions and test familiarization. They returned to the laboratory for visit 4 3-5 days after visit 3 to complete the testing battery. Following the testing, the participants performed a downhill run on the treadmill at -15% grade and approximately 70% of their speed at VO2peak and repeated the testing battery upon completion. Participants were asked to track their food intake. Visits 5, 6, and 7 took place 24, 48, and 72 h following the downhill running protocol, respectively, and consisted of the same testing battery used during visit 4. The detection of differences was performed using two-way (group x time) mixed factorial ANOVA with repeated measures.

Results: No group x time interactions were noted for running economy or any of the dependent variables. Main effects of time were found for muscle thickness (p<.001) with small effect sizes (d=-0.194 to d=-0.265), pain pressure threshold (p=.002) with medium effect sizes (d=.460 to d=.461), NPRS scale (p<.001) with large effect sizes (d = -0.776 to d=-1.520), and jump height (p<.002) with small to medium effect sizes (d=.304 to d=.438). Nutritional analysis compared the two groups revealed no difference (p>.05) between relative intake of macronutrients and that both exceeded typical recommendations for protein (vegan group - 1.4 g/kg, omnivore group - 1.6 g/kg).

Conclusion: The lack of differences in recovery between the groups suggests that nutritional adequacy may play a role in recovery. Recovery from downhill running might be influenced by several factors beyond diet, such as exercise protocol intensity, individual fitness levels, and age.

素食和杂食对下坡后跑步经济性和肌肉功能的影响
研究目的本研究旨在考察肌肉损伤运动对素食者和杂食者肌肉功能变量影响程度的差异:20名接受过休闲训练的参与者完成了这项研究。参与者被分配到素食者组(10 人)或杂食者组(10 人)。受试者完成同意访问,然后进行两次访问,包括跑步锻炼和熟悉测试。第 3 次访问后的第 3-5 天,受试者返回实验室进行第 4 次访问,以完成测试。测试结束后,受试者在跑步机上以-15%的坡度和大约70%的速度进行下坡跑步,并在完成后重复测试。参与者被要求跟踪自己的食物摄入量。第 5 次、第 6 次和第 7 次分别在下坡跑后 24 小时、48 小时和 72 小时进行,测试内容与第 4 次相同。采用重复测量的双向(组 x 时间)混合因子方差分析来检测差异:在跑步经济性或任何因变量方面,均未发现组别 x 时间的交互作用。在肌肉厚度(pp=.002)和 NPRS 量表(ppd=.304 至 d=.438)方面,发现了时间的主效应,且效应大小为中等(d=.460 至 d=.461)。营养分析表明,两组的宏量营养素相对摄入量没有差异(p>.05),蛋白质摄入量均超过了典型建议值(素食组为 1.4 克/千克,杂食组为 1.6 克/千克):各组之间在恢复方面没有差异,这表明营养是否充足可能在恢复中发挥作用。下坡跑的恢复可能受饮食以外的多种因素影响,如运动方案强度、个人体能水平和年龄。
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