A Survey of LoRaWAN-Integrated Wearable Sensor Networks for Human Activity Recognition: Applications, Challenges and Possible Solutions

IF 6.3 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1109/OJCOMS.2024.3484002

Nahshon Mokua Obiri;Kristof Van Laerhoven

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Long-Range Wide Area Networks (LoRaWAN), a prominent technology within Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs), have gained traction in remote monitoring due to their long-range communication, scalability, and low energy consumption. Compared to other LPWANs like Sigfox, Ingenu Random Phase Multiple Access (Ingenu-RPMA), Long-Term Evolution for Machines (LTE-M), and Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), LoRaWAN offers superior adaptability in diverse environments. This adaptability makes it particularly effective for Human Activity Recognition (HAR) systems. These systems utilize wearable sensors to collect data for applications in healthcare, elderly care, sports, and environmental monitoring. Integrating LoRaWAN with edge computing and Internet of Things (IoT) frameworks enhances data processing and transmission efficiency. However, challenges such as sensor wearability, data payload constraints, energy efficiency, and security must be addressed to deploy LoRaWAN-based HAR systems in real-world applications effectively. This survey explores the integration of LoRaWAN technology with wearable sensors for HAR, highlighting its suitability for remote monitoring applications such as Activities of Daily Living (ADL), tracking and localization, healthcare, and safety. We categorize state-of-the-art LoRaWAN-integrated wearable systems into body-worn, hybrid, objectmounted, and ambient sensors. We then discuss their applications and challenges, including energy efficiency, sensor scalability, data constraints, and security. Potential solutions such as advanced edge processing algorithms and secure communication protocols are proposed to enhance system performance and user comfort. The survey also outlines specific future research directions to advance this evolving field.

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用于人类活动识别的 LoRaWAN 集成式可穿戴传感器网络调查：应用、挑战和可能的解决方案

长距离广域网（LoRaWAN）是低功耗广域网（LPWAN）中的一项重要技术，由于其长距离通信、可扩展性和低能耗的特点，在远程监控领域备受青睐。与 Sigfox、Ingenu 随机相位多路存取（Ingenu-RPMA）、机器长期演进（LTE-M）和窄带物联网（NB-IoT）等其他 LPWAN 相比，LoRaWAN 在不同环境中具有卓越的适应性。这种适应性使其特别适用于人类活动识别 (HAR) 系统。这些系统利用可穿戴传感器收集数据，应用于医疗保健、老年人护理、体育运动和环境监测等领域。将 LoRaWAN 与边缘计算和物联网（IoT）框架集成可提高数据处理和传输效率。然而，要在实际应用中有效部署基于 LoRaWAN 的 HAR 系统，必须解决传感器的可穿戴性、数据有效载荷限制、能效和安全性等挑战。本调查探讨了将 LoRaWAN 技术与可穿戴式传感器集成用于 HAR 的情况，重点介绍了该技术在日常生活活动 (ADL)、跟踪和定位、医疗保健和安全等远程监控应用中的适用性。我们将最先进的集成了 LoRaWAN 的可穿戴系统分为穿戴式传感器、混合传感器、物体安装传感器和环境传感器。然后，我们讨论了它们的应用和挑战，包括能效、传感器可扩展性、数据限制和安全性。我们提出了一些潜在的解决方案，如先进的边缘处理算法和安全通信协议，以提高系统性能和用户舒适度。调查还概述了未来的具体研究方向，以推动这一不断发展的领域。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society Multiple-

CiteScore

13.70

自引率

3.80%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： The IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society (OJ-COMS) is an open access, all-electronic journal that publishes original high-quality manuscripts on advances in the state of the art of telecommunications systems and networks. The papers in IEEE OJ-COMS are included in Scopus. Submissions reporting new theoretical findings (including novel methods, concepts, and studies) and practical contributions (including experiments and development of prototypes) are welcome. Additionally, survey and tutorial articles are considered. The IEEE OJCOMS received its debut impact factor of 7.9 according to the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) 2023. The IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society covers science, technology, applications and standards for information organization, collection and transfer using electronic, optical and wireless channels and networks. Some specific areas covered include: Systems and network architecture, control and management Protocols, software, and middleware Quality of service, reliability, and security Modulation, detection, coding, and signaling Switching and routing Mobile and portable communications Terminals and other end-user devices Networks for content distribution and distributed computing Communications-based distributed resources control.