Listening Habits to Music during COVID-19 Pandemic: Is There a Risk to Hearing?

Abstract

Background:  The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic introduced a unique situation by consigning people to their homes, with free time for music listening, joined with increased anxiety and stress levels. The question arises whether listening habits to music have changed during the pandemic. Such a change in listening habits might pose a greater potential risk to hearing than in routine days.

Purpose:  To evaluate listening habits to music using earphones during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess if any change occurred in these habits compared with routine days before the pandemic.

Research design:  Self-reported listening habits were collected using a purpose-built questionnaire submitted online.

Study sample:  In total, the questionnaire was distributed among 242 young adults aged 18 to 30 years (mean: 24.3 ± 2.8). A total of 192 participants, regular listeners to music using earphones, provided information concerning their listening habits.

Data collection and analysis:  Collected listening habits included: listening levels, duration, and frequency of listening during the pandemic compared with routine days. Symptoms and circumstances that occurred following music listening were reported as well. We compared statistically listening habits of participants that stayed home during the pandemic versus those that kept their office routine. In addition, we performed statistical analysis on hearing symptoms following unsafe versus safe music listeners.

Results:  Most reported listening durations were 2 to 4 days (28.5%) and 7 days a week (29.7%), for at least 30 minutes, at high to very high listening levels, and volume control settings at 75 to 100%. Almost 50% of the participants reported a change in their listening habits during the pandemic, mainly a more frequent and longer listening duration. Overall, 29.1% of the participants were at potential risk of hearing loss due to unsafe listening habits.

Conclusion:  The change in listening habits during the COVID-19 pandemic underscores the need to monitor listening habits and raise awareness of the one cause for hearing loss that can be prevented.