Characteristics of Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment Influenced by the Time of Onset.

IF 1.4 Q4 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra Pub Date : 2024-09-09 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI:10.1159/000541092
Hiroyuki Sato, Miho Ota, Ayako Kitabatake, Yuriko Numata, Takumi Takahashi, Masashi Tamura, Kiyotaka Nemoto, Tetsuaki Arai
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Introduction: Although the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is higher in older people compared to younger people, dementia has also been documented in younger adults. Although early-onset dementia and late-onset dementia had been considered a single disease in pathological investigations, many studies revealed differences in cognitive and neuroimaging changes between them. We evaluated differences in cognitive and neuroimaging changes among the following groups: individuals with early-onset AD (EOAD), late-onset AD (LOAD), early-onset mild cognitive impairment (EOMCI), or late-onset MCI (LOMCI), and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: Patients underwent both a 1.5 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging scan and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Differences in regional gray matter volumes and MMSE subscales were investigated among the five diagnostic groups.

Results: Compared to the EOAD group, the LOAD group had significantly higher scores on orientation in place. Compared to the LOMCI patients, the EOMCI patients achieved significantly higher recall scores. The LOAD and LOMC groups showed significant volume reductions in bilateral medial temporal regions compared to the HCs. The EOAD and EOMCI groups did not show significant atrophy of the medial temporal region compared to the HC group.

Conclusions: The hippocampal volume and memory were preserved in the patients with EOMCI or EOAD compared to those with LOMCI or LOAD. These findings may indicate that the distinct and differing patterns of neuropsychological changes between EOAD and LOAD are also common in MCI, which is intermediate between normal cognition and AD.

阿尔茨海默病和轻度认知障碍的特征受发病时间的影响。
简介虽然阿尔茨海默病(AD)在老年人中的发病率高于年轻人,但在年轻人中也有痴呆症的记录。虽然在病理研究中,早发性痴呆症和晚发性痴呆症被认为是同一种疾病,但许多研究揭示了这两种疾病在认知和神经影像学变化上的差异。我们评估了以下群体在认知和神经影像学变化方面的差异:早发 AD(EOAD)、晚发 AD(LOAD)、早发轻度认知障碍(EOMCI)或晚发 MCI(LOMCI)患者,以及健康对照组(HCs):患者同时接受 1.5 特斯拉磁共振成像扫描和迷你精神状态检查(MMSE)。结果:与 EOAD 组相比,MMSE 组患者的灰质体积更小,而 EOAD 组患者的灰质体积更大:结果:与EOAD组相比,LOAD组在原地定向方面的得分明显更高。与 LOMCI 患者相比,EOMCI 患者的回忆得分明显更高。与HCs相比,LOAD组和LOMC组的双侧颞内侧区域体积明显缩小。与HC组相比,EOAD组和EOMCI组的内侧颞区并未出现明显萎缩:结论:与LOMCI或LOAD患者相比,EOMCI或EOAD患者的海马体积和记忆力均有所保留。这些发现可能表明,EOAD和LOAD之间不同的神经心理学变化模式在介于正常认知和AD之间的MCI中也很常见。
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来源期刊
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra
Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
18
审稿时长
9 weeks
期刊介绍: This open access and online-only journal publishes original articles covering the entire spectrum of cognitive dysfunction such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s chorea and other neurodegenerative diseases. The journal draws from diverse related research disciplines such as psychogeriatrics, neuropsychology, clinical neurology, morphology, physiology, genetic molecular biology, pathology, biochemistry, immunology, pharmacology and pharmaceutics. Strong emphasis is placed on the publication of research findings from animal studies which are complemented by clinical and therapeutic experience to give an overall appreciation of the field. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra provides additional contents based on reviewed and accepted submissions to the main journal Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders Extra .
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