Feto-placental vascular structure and in silico haemodynamics: Of mice, rats, and human

IF 3 2区 医学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
Nikhilesh Bappoo , Yutthapong Tongpob , Matina Hakim , Jenny Myers , Emma Panting , Karen E. Chapman , Adrian J.W. Thomson , Carmel M. Moran , Lachlan J. Kelsey , Vijayalakshmi Srinivasan , Joanna L. James , Alys R. Clark , Barry J. Doyle , Caitlin S. Wyrwoll
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Abstract

Introduction

The complex arborization of the feto-placental vasculature is crucial for optimal fetal nutrition, waste exchange and ultimately, development. Ethical and experimental limitations constrain research into the human placenta, hence experimental animal models such as mice and rats, are crucial to understand placental function. It is unclear how well the mouse and rat feto-placental vascular structure emulates human. Moreover, the implications of differences in vascular structure, especially in arborization, for placental function remain unclear.

Methods

We use micro-computed tomography imaging, high frequency Doppler ultrasound and computational fluid dynamics to characterize feto-placental vasculature structure and haemodynamics in mice, rats, and human.

Results

Our data suggest that despite structural differences between rat and mouse placenta, haemodynamics are similar and that both hold applicability to investigating feto-placental structure and function. We show that human cotyledons demonstrate vascularity-dependent haemodynamic behaviour (including flow deceleration and oxygen exchange) similar to rodents and can be analysed in the same spectrum as rodents. Finally, we show strong structure-function relationships when interspecies datasets are combined; notably, we demonstrate that surrogate measures such as vascularity, can be used to estimate placental oxygen exchange function.

Discussion

Pre-clinical placental research utilising rat and mouse placentae to understand the impact of feto-placental arborization on placental function and fetal development can inform the human context.
胎盘血管结构和硅血流动力学:小鼠、大鼠和人类。
引言胎儿-胎盘血管的复杂分支对胎儿的最佳营养、废物交换和最终发育至关重要。伦理和实验方面的限制制约了对人类胎盘的研究,因此小鼠和大鼠等实验动物模型对了解胎盘功能至关重要。目前还不清楚小鼠和大鼠胎盘血管结构与人类胎盘血管结构的相似程度。此外,血管结构的差异,尤其是动脉化对胎盘功能的影响仍不清楚:方法:我们利用微型计算机断层扫描成像、高频多普勒超声波和计算流体动力学来描述小鼠、大鼠和人类的胎盘血管结构和血流动力学特征:结果:我们的数据表明,尽管大鼠和小鼠胎盘的结构不同,但血流动力学相似,都适用于研究胎盘结构和功能。我们的研究表明,人类子叶表现出与啮齿类动物相似的血管依赖性血流动力学行为(包括血流减速和氧气交换),并能以与啮齿类动物相同的频谱进行分析。最后,我们展示了将不同物种间的数据集结合在一起时的强大结构-功能关系;特别是,我们展示了血管等替代措施可用于估计胎盘的氧交换功能:讨论:临床前胎盘研究利用大鼠和小鼠胎盘来了解胎盘轴化对胎盘功能和胎儿发育的影响,可以为人类胎盘研究提供参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Placenta
Placenta 医学-发育生物学
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
10.50%
发文量
391
审稿时长
78 days
期刊介绍: Placenta publishes high-quality original articles and invited topical reviews on all aspects of human and animal placentation, and the interactions between the mother, the placenta and fetal development. Topics covered include evolution, development, genetics and epigenetics, stem cells, metabolism, transport, immunology, pathology, pharmacology, cell and molecular biology, and developmental programming. The Editors welcome studies on implantation and the endometrium, comparative placentation, the uterine and umbilical circulations, the relationship between fetal and placental development, clinical aspects of altered placental development or function, the placental membranes, the influence of paternal factors on placental development or function, and the assessment of biomarkers of placental disorders.
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