Plant traits and seasonality shape coexistence and niche segregation patterns among spider species.

IF 2.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Oecologia Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-29 DOI:10.1007/s00442-024-05625-9
Fábio Carlos da Silva Filho, Vanessa Stefani, Eduardo Soares Calixto
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Understanding the mechanisms that enable species coexistence is a central question in ecology, as it helps to comprehend species diversity. One of the most common stabilizing mechanisms of coexistence is niche segregation, which can prevent the competitive exclusion of the fittest competitor. Niche segregation can manifest itself at various temporal and spatial scales, allowing provide essential insights into understanding the stabilizing mechanisms facilitating the coexistence of species. We assessed coexistence patterns among flower-dwelling spiders in two ways, in the first set of analyses, we investigated the factors influencing the quantity of spider individuals and species. The second approach we investigate the spatio-temporal segregation between species, effectively examining the coexistence patterns. We observed that the presence of inflorescences per plant, the number of flowers per inflorescence, and the presence of EFNs play a significant role in increasing spider abundance and richness. We find only a marginal seasonal effect, suggesting that spiders have constant access to resources throughout the year. Our niche overlap analysis demonstrated synchrony in the spatial occupation of niches by different spider species. The coexistence patterns appeared to be unaffected by the number of inflorescences. The greater number of inflorescences will enable a greater availability of niches, and consequently more abundance and richness of species of spiders the plant can sustain. Our results suggest that, to mitigate the adverse consequences of competitive interactions, spiders tend to adopt spatial partitioning as a strategy to facilitate the coexistence of spiders living in reproductive structures on plants in the Brazilian savanna.

植物特征和季节性决定了蜘蛛物种间的共存和生态位隔离模式。
了解物种共存的机制是生态学的一个核心问题,因为它有助于理解物种多样性。共存最常见的稳定机制之一是生态位隔离,它可以防止最合适的竞争者在竞争中被排斥。生态位隔离可以在不同的时间和空间尺度上表现出来,为理解物种共存的稳定机制提供了重要的启示。我们通过两种方法评估了花栖蜘蛛的共存模式,在第一组分析中,我们研究了影响蜘蛛个体和物种数量的因素。第二种方法是调查物种之间的时空隔离,从而有效地研究共存模式。我们观察到,每株植物的花序数量、每个花序的花朵数量以及 EFNs 的存在在增加蜘蛛丰度和丰富度方面起着重要作用。我们只发现了微弱的季节性影响,这表明蜘蛛全年都能持续获得资源。我们的生态位重叠分析表明,不同种类的蜘蛛对生态位的空间占有是同步的。共存模式似乎不受花序数量的影响。花序数量越多,壁龛的可用性就越大,因此植物能维持的蜘蛛物种的丰度和丰富度也就越高。我们的研究结果表明,为了减轻竞争性相互作用的不良后果,蜘蛛倾向于采取空间分区的策略,以促进生活在巴西热带稀树草原植物生殖结构中的蜘蛛共存。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Oecologia
Oecologia 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
192
审稿时长
5.3 months
期刊介绍: Oecologia publishes innovative ecological research of international interest. We seek reviews, advances in methodology, and original contributions, emphasizing the following areas: Population ecology, Plant-microbe-animal interactions, Ecosystem ecology, Community ecology, Global change ecology, Conservation ecology, Behavioral ecology and Physiological Ecology. In general, studies that are purely descriptive, mathematical, documentary, and/or natural history will not be considered.
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