Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses of cyprinids induced by a live attenuated vaccine against cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection in comparison to the virus non-permissive high temperature water treatment

IF 4.1 2区农林科学 Q1 FISHERIES

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109991

Hiroaki Saito , Lik-Ming Lau , Shungo Minami , Manami Yuguchi , Megumi Matsumoto , Teruyuki Nakanishi , Hidehiro Kondo , Goshi Kato , Motohiko Sano

{"title":"Cell-mediated and humoral immune responses of cyprinids induced by a live attenuated vaccine against cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection in comparison to the virus non-permissive high temperature water treatment","authors":"Hiroaki Saito , Lik-Ming Lau , Shungo Minami , Manami Yuguchi , Megumi Matsumoto , Teruyuki Nakanishi , Hidehiro Kondo , Goshi Kato , Motohiko Sano","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109991","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The live attenuated vaccine (P7-P8 strain) against cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) infection of goldfish shows high protective efficacy. However, the underlying immune mechanism induced by P7-P8 vaccination remains unknown. It is known that the fish survived in the primary infection with CyHV-2 by the virus non-permissive high temperature (HT) water treatment elicit immunity against secondary virus challenge. In this study, the immunity induced by the P7-P8 vaccine was compared with that by HT treatment. To further explore the immunological responses of cyprinids, in addition to goldfish <em>Carassius auratus</em>, susceptible isogenic ginbuna <em>C. auratus langsdorfii</em> was included in this study. In the primary immune response, cyprinids were vaccinated with P7-P8, or treated with HT. In the secondary immune response, cyprinids were challenged with the virulent CyHV-2. The percentage dynamics of CD4-1 and CD8α positive lymphocytes were determined during the primary and secondary immune responses of the two cyprinids. Blood plasma was sampled to assess the anti-CyHV-2 IgM antibody titers. The vaccination with P7-P8 and HT-treatment induced high protection immunity in the cyprinids with relative percentage survival of over 88 % against virulent virus challenge. Our finding shows that the CD8α positive lymphocytes rather than CD4-1 positive lymphocytes play an important role in the secondary immune responses of cyprinids vaccinated with P7-P8. The CD4-1 positive lymphocytes rather than CD8α positive lymphocytes play an important role in the secondary immune responses of cyprinids treated with HT. The antibody titer of vaccinated cyprinids did not increase greatly even after virulent virus challenge. The results suggest the vaccine activates the CD8α cells and the secondary cell-mediated immunity. The differences in the induced immunity mechanisms in fish by the two measures might be based on the virus either being an avirulent virus form that cannot evade host responses or a virulent virus form that cannot propagate at non-permissive temperature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":"154 ","pages":"Article 109991"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fish & shellfish immunology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1050464824006363","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"FISHERIES","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The live attenuated vaccine (P7-P8 strain) against cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) infection of goldfish shows high protective efficacy. However, the underlying immune mechanism induced by P7-P8 vaccination remains unknown. It is known that the fish survived in the primary infection with CyHV-2 by the virus non-permissive high temperature (HT) water treatment elicit immunity against secondary virus challenge. In this study, the immunity induced by the P7-P8 vaccine was compared with that by HT treatment. To further explore the immunological responses of cyprinids, in addition to goldfish Carassius auratus, susceptible isogenic ginbuna C. auratus langsdorfii was included in this study. In the primary immune response, cyprinids were vaccinated with P7-P8, or treated with HT. In the secondary immune response, cyprinids were challenged with the virulent CyHV-2. The percentage dynamics of CD4-1 and CD8α positive lymphocytes were determined during the primary and secondary immune responses of the two cyprinids. Blood plasma was sampled to assess the anti-CyHV-2 IgM antibody titers. The vaccination with P7-P8 and HT-treatment induced high protection immunity in the cyprinids with relative percentage survival of over 88 % against virulent virus challenge. Our finding shows that the CD8α positive lymphocytes rather than CD4-1 positive lymphocytes play an important role in the secondary immune responses of cyprinids vaccinated with P7-P8. The CD4-1 positive lymphocytes rather than CD8α positive lymphocytes play an important role in the secondary immune responses of cyprinids treated with HT. The antibody titer of vaccinated cyprinids did not increase greatly even after virulent virus challenge. The results suggest the vaccine activates the CD8α cells and the secondary cell-mediated immunity. The differences in the induced immunity mechanisms in fish by the two measures might be based on the virus either being an avirulent virus form that cannot evade host responses or a virulent virus form that cannot propagate at non-permissive temperature.

查看原文本刊更多论文

鲤科疱疹病毒 2 型减毒活疫苗诱导的鲤鱼细胞介导免疫反应和体液免疫反应与病毒不允许的高温水处理的比较。

针对金鱼疱疹病毒 2（CyHV-2）感染的减毒活疫苗（P7-P8 株）显示出很高的保护效力。然而，P7-P8 疫苗诱导的潜在免疫机制仍然未知。众所周知，通过病毒不允许的高温（HT）水处理，在初次感染 CyHV-2 病毒后存活下来的鱼会对二次病毒挑战产生免疫力。本研究将 P7-P8 疫苗诱导的免疫力与 HT 处理诱导的免疫力进行了比较。为进一步探讨鲤科鱼类的免疫反应，除金鱼外，本研究还纳入了易感的同源金鱼 C. auratus langsdorfii。在初级免疫反应中，鲤鱼接种了 P7-P8 疫苗或接受了 HT 治疗。在次级免疫反应中，鲤鱼接受了毒性CyHV-2的挑战。在两种鲤鱼的初级和次级免疫反应期间，测定 CD4-1 和 CD8α 阳性淋巴细胞的百分比动态。对血浆进行采样，以评估抗CyHV-2 IgM抗体滴度。接种 P7-P8 疫苗和 HT 处理可诱导鲤鱼产生高保护性免疫，在面对毒性病毒挑战时的相对存活率超过 88%。我们的研究结果表明，CD8α阳性淋巴细胞而非CD4-1阳性淋巴细胞在接种P7-P8疫苗的鲤鱼的次级免疫反应中发挥了重要作用。CD4-1 阳性淋巴细胞而非 CD8α 阳性淋巴细胞在接种 HT 的鲤鱼的次级免疫反应中发挥了重要作用。接种疫苗的鲤鱼即使在受到剧毒病毒挑战后，抗体滴度也没有大幅提高。结果表明疫苗激活了 CD8α 细胞和细胞介导的次级免疫。两种方法在诱导鱼类免疫机制上的差异可能是由于病毒要么是无法躲避宿主反应的无毒型病毒，要么是无法在非允许温度下繁殖的有毒型病毒。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Fish & shellfish immunology 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

19.10%

发文量

750

审稿时长

68 days

期刊介绍： Fish and Shellfish Immunology rapidly publishes high-quality, peer-refereed contributions in the expanding fields of fish and shellfish immunology. It presents studies on the basic mechanisms of both the specific and non-specific defense systems, the cells, tissues, and humoral factors involved, their dependence on environmental and intrinsic factors, response to pathogens, response to vaccination, and applied studies on the development of specific vaccines for use in the aquaculture industry.