Shared signals, different fates: Calcium and ROS in plant PRR and NLR immunity.

IF 7.5 1区生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Cell reports Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114910

Chanusha Weralupitiya, Sophie Eccersall, Claudia-Nicole Meisrimler

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Lacking an adaptive immune system, plants rely on innate immunity comprising two main layers: PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), both utilizing Ca²⁺ influx and reactive oxygen species (ROS) for signaling. PTI, mediated by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), responds to conserved pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns. Some pathogens evade PTI using effectors, triggering plants to activate ETI. At the heart of ETI are nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs), which detect specific pathogen effectors and initiate a robust immune response. NLRs, equipped with a nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeats, drive a potent immune reaction starting with pronounced, prolonged cytosolic Ca²⁺ influx, followed by increased ROS levels. This sequence of events triggers the hypersensitive response-a localized cell death designed to limit pathogen spread. This intricate use of Ca²⁺ and ROS highlights the crucial role of NLRs in supplementing the absence of an adaptive immune system in plant innate immunity.

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共同的信号，不同的命运：植物 PRR 和 NLR 免疫中的钙和 ROS。

由于缺乏适应性免疫系统，植物依赖于由两个主要层次组成的先天性免疫：PAMP 触发免疫（PTI）和效应触发免疫（ETI）都利用 Ca2+ 流入和活性氧（ROS）来传递信号。PTI由模式识别受体（PRR）介导，对保守的病原体或损害相关分子模式做出反应。一些病原体利用效应器躲避 PTI，从而触发植物激活 ETI。ETI 的核心是核苷酸结合富亮氨酸重复受体（NLRs），它能检测到特定的病原体效应物，并启动强大的免疫反应。NLRs 具有核苷酸结合结构域和富含亮氨酸的重复受体，可驱动强效免疫反应，首先是明显、持久的细胞膜 Ca2+ 流入，然后是 ROS 水平的增加。这一系列事件触发了超敏反应--旨在限制病原体扩散的局部细胞死亡。这种对 Ca2+ 和 ROS 的复杂利用凸显了 NLRs 在补充植物先天免疫中适应性免疫系统缺失方面的关键作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cell reports CELL BIOLOGY-

CiteScore

13.80

自引率

1.10%

发文量

1305

审稿时长

77 days

期刊介绍： Cell Reports publishes high-quality research across the life sciences and focuses on new biological insight as its primary criterion for publication. The journal offers three primary article types: Reports, which are shorter single-point articles, research articles, which are longer and provide deeper mechanistic insights, and resources, which highlight significant technical advances or major informational datasets that contribute to biological advances. Reviews covering recent literature in emerging and active fields are also accepted. The Cell Reports Portfolio includes gold open-access journals that cover life, medical, and physical sciences, and its mission is to make cutting-edge research and methodologies available to a wide readership. The journal's professional in-house editors work closely with authors, reviewers, and the scientific advisory board, which consists of current and future leaders in their respective fields. The advisory board guides the scope, content, and quality of the journal, but editorial decisions are independently made by the in-house scientific editors of Cell Reports.