How many tooth colors are there?

IF 4.6 1区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Dental Materials Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1016/j.dental.2024.10.016

Sascha Hein, Ján Morovič, Peter Morovič, Omnia Saleh, Jörg Lüchtenborg, Stephen Westland

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to estimate the number of distinct tooth colors using a large dataset of in-vivo CIELAB measurements. It further assessed the coverage error (CE) and coverage error percentage (CEP) of commonly used shade guides and determined the number of shades needed for an ideal guide, using the Euclidean distance (ΔEab) and thresholds for clinical perceptibility (PT) and acceptability (AT) as evaluation criteria.

Methods: A total of 8153 untreated maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth were measured in vivo using calibrated dental photography. Cardinality was applied to determine the number of unique natural tooth colors. The CE and CEP were calculated for the Vita Classical and Vita 3D-Master shade guides, while the cardinality method was also used to estimate the number of shades required to adequately cover the estimated gamut of natural tooth colors.

Results: The cardinality analysis revealed 1173 unique natural tooth colors. The CE for the Vita Classical shade guide was 4.1 ΔEab, with a CEP of 75 % beyond AT, while the 3D-Master shade guide had a CE of 3.3 ΔEab and a CEP of 70 % beyond AT. Based on cardinality computation, 92 discrete shades are required to adequately cover the estimated gamut of natural tooth colors with a CE of 1.2 ΔEab and CEP of 0.3 % beyond AT.

Conclusions: Cardinality computations estimated 1173 unique tooth colors while 92 discrete shades are estimated for full coverage. Such a number is impractical for physical shade guides, but new digital tools and 3D printing may offer future solutions. Both, the Vita Classical and 3D-Master shade guides do not fully represent the range of natural tooth colors.

Clinical significance: This study highlights the limitations of existing shade guides and underscores the potential for new developments.

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有多少种牙齿颜色？

研究目的本研究旨在利用大量的体内 CIELAB 测量数据集估算不同牙齿颜色的数量。它进一步评估了常用遮色板的覆盖误差（CE）和覆盖误差百分比（CEP），并以欧氏距离（ΔEab）和临床可感知性（PT）和可接受性（AT）阈值作为评估标准，确定了理想遮色板所需的色调数量：方法：使用校准过的牙科照片对 8153 颗未经治疗的上颌和下颌前牙进行了活体测量。采用卡方计算方法确定独特天然牙色的数量。计算了 Vita Classical 和 Vita 3D-Master 遮光导板的 CE 和 CEP，同时还使用卡方方法估算了充分覆盖估计的天然牙色域所需的色调数量：结果：卡方分析显示有 1173 种独特的天然牙色。Vita Classical 色度指南的 CE 值为 4.1 ΔEab，CEP 值超出 AT 值 75%，而 3D-Master 色度指南的 CE 值为 3.3 ΔEab，CEP 值超出 AT 值 70%。根据卡方计算，需要 92 个离散色调才能充分覆盖估计的自然牙色色域，CE 为 1.2 ΔEab，CEP 超出 AT 0.3%：卡方计算估计有 1173 种独特的牙齿颜色，而要全面覆盖估计有 92 种离散色调。这样的数字对于实体色调指南来说是不切实际的，但新的数字工具和 3D 打印可能会提供未来的解决方案。Vita Classical 和 3D-Master 牙色指南都不能完全代表天然牙色的范围：临床意义：本研究强调了现有牙色指南的局限性，并强调了新发展的潜力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Dental Materials 工程技术-材料科学：生物材料

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

10.00%

发文量

290

审稿时长

67 days

期刊介绍： Dental Materials publishes original research, review articles, and short communications. Academy of Dental Materials members click here to register for free access to Dental Materials online. The principal aim of Dental Materials is to promote rapid communication of scientific information between academia, industry, and the dental practitioner. Original Manuscripts on clinical and laboratory research of basic and applied character which focus on the properties or performance of dental materials or the reaction of host tissues to materials are given priority publication. Other acceptable topics include application technology in clinical dentistry and dental laboratory technology. Comprehensive reviews and editorial commentaries on pertinent subjects will be considered.