Concurrent measurements of bark and xylem water contents in Malus pumila Mill. stems using improved flexible sensors

IF 5.6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
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Abstract

The pattern of radial water transport in tree stems, specifically the interaction between bark and xylem, remains elusive because few measurement techniques are not capable of independently sensing bark water content (BWC) and xylem water content (XWC). To investigate the water variations in stem, two improved flexible sensors operating at 100 MHz and equipped with small interdigital-electrode (IE) probes were developed to measure BWC and XWC independently. The performances of the flexible sensors were tested under laboratory conditions. Software simulations and laboratory measurements were performed to evaluate the volume of sensitivity (VOS) and to assess the impact of variations in stem diameter (SD) on the sensors. Concurrent measurements of BWC and XWC were performed on three trees in Malus pumila Mill. (Red Fuji). The measurements revealed that the difference in predawn water content between the bark and xylem gradually increased as the water deficit intensified. The maximum daily variation of BWC from predawn to afternoon (MDV_BWC) was greater than that of the maximum daily variation of XWC from predawn to afternoon (MDV_XWC). In addition, the dehydration-rehydration loops exhibited a time lag between BWC and XWC under water deficit conditions, with earlier dehydration and rehydration of the bark than of the xylem. Concurrent measurements of BWC and XWC provide a new perspective for examining the pattern of stem radial water transport. However, the time lag between BWC and XWC might need to be validated in other tree species.
使用改进的柔性传感器同时测量 Malus pumila Mill.
由于很少有测量技术能够独立检测树皮含水量(BWC)和木质部含水量(XWC),因此树茎中的径向水分传输模式,特别是树皮和木质部之间的相互作用,仍然难以捉摸。为了研究茎干中的水分变化,我们开发了两种工作频率为 100 MHz 的改进型柔性传感器,并配备了小型数字间电极 (IE) 探头,可独立测量 BWC 和 XWC。在实验室条件下对柔性传感器的性能进行了测试。通过软件模拟和实验室测量来评估灵敏度(VOS),并评估阀杆直径(SD)变化对传感器的影响。同时对三棵 Malus pumila Mill.(红富士)的三棵树上同时进行了 BWC 和 XWC 测量。测量结果表明,随着水分亏缺的加剧,树皮和木质部之间黎明前含水量的差异逐渐增大。BWC从黎明前到下午的最大日变化(MDV_BWC)大于XWC从黎明前到下午的最大日变化(MDV_XWC)。此外,在缺水条件下,脱水-补水环路在 BWC 和 XWC 之间表现出时滞,树皮的脱水和补水早于木质部的脱水和补水。同时测量BWC和XWC为研究茎径向水分运输模式提供了新的视角。不过,BWC和XWC之间的时滞可能还需要在其他树种上进行验证。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
10.30
自引率
9.70%
发文量
415
审稿时长
69 days
期刊介绍: Agricultural and Forest Meteorology is an international journal for the publication of original articles and reviews on the inter-relationship between meteorology, agriculture, forestry, and natural ecosystems. Emphasis is on basic and applied scientific research relevant to practical problems in the field of plant and soil sciences, ecology and biogeochemistry as affected by weather as well as climate variability and change. Theoretical models should be tested against experimental data. Articles must appeal to an international audience. Special issues devoted to single topics are also published. Typical topics include canopy micrometeorology (e.g. canopy radiation transfer, turbulence near the ground, evapotranspiration, energy balance, fluxes of trace gases), micrometeorological instrumentation (e.g., sensors for trace gases, flux measurement instruments, radiation measurement techniques), aerobiology (e.g. the dispersion of pollen, spores, insects and pesticides), biometeorology (e.g. the effect of weather and climate on plant distribution, crop yield, water-use efficiency, and plant phenology), forest-fire/weather interactions, and feedbacks from vegetation to weather and the climate system.
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