Biochar-based materials for sustainable energy applications: A comprehensive review

Abstract

Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from the pyrolysis or carbonization of biomass, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its versatile applications in the energy sector. As the focus on sustainable and renewable energy sources intensifies, biochar-based materials have emerged as promising candidates for various energy-related uses. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of the art and the sustainability of biochar-based materials for energy applications. It is essential to adopt a sustainability perspective when examining the state of the art, considering the environmental, economic, and social dimensions of biochar-based materials to ensure their long-term viability and alignment with sustainable development goals. By delving into the latest advancements, challenges, and opportunities, this review seeks to advance the adoption of biochar-based materials as sustainable solutions in the rapidly evolving energy landscape.